Int’l Law Studies

New in @IntLawStudies: "Unpacking Jus ad Bellum Proportionality and Examining its Relationship with the Jus in Bello in Light of the Equal Application Principle," by Jared Dass, a thought-provoking examination of an old issue. digital-commons.usnwc.edu/ils/vol108/iss…

@IntLawStudies's volume on military AI concludes with "Battlefield Uncertainties and the Use of AI," by Tsvetelina van Benthem. The article explores the relationship between uncertainty in armed conflict, the use of AI, and international law. digital-commons.usnwc.edu/ils/vol107/iss…

New in @IntLawStudies: "Technology-Based Challenges to the Law Applicable to Trade Interdiction During Armed Conflict at Sea: The Law of Naval Warfare and Convoy Operations," by Rob McLaughlin: How technology affects the law applicable to convoy ops. digital-commons.usnwc.edu/ils/vol108/iss…

New in @IntLawStudies: In "Closing the 'Extreme Circumstances' Gap: The Legality of Nuclear Weapons When the Survival of a State is in Question," Chris Hart examines what "extreme circumstances" means in the ICJ's advisory opinion. digital-commons.usnwc.edu/ils/vol108/iss…

@IntLawStudies opens Vol. 108 with "Concurrent Regimes for the Concept of 'Common Heritage' in Seabed Mining," by James Kraska & Digvijay Rewatkar, examining unilateral deep seabed mining and its implications for the concept of common heritage of mankind. digital-commons.usnwc.edu/ils/

@IntLawStudies's volume on military AI continues: "Artificial Intelligence in the Prosecution of International Crimes," by Marta Bo examines the role of AI in supporting investigations and trials before the International Criminal Court. digital-commons.usnwc.edu/ils/vol107/iss…

@IntLawStudies's volume on military AI continues: “I Plead Ignorance”: Autonomous Weapons and Criminal Liability for Not Knowing the Knowable, by Jonathan Kwik, looking at the criminal law implications of AWS users being ignorant of their system's risks. digital-commons.usnwc.edu/ils/vol107/iss…

@IntLawStudies's special volume on military AI continues: "Modes of Liability for AI-Enabled Crimes in International Criminal Law," by Antonio Coco, explores how modes of liability can be applied to humans who use AI systems in the commission of crimes. digital-commons.usnwc.edu/ils/vol107/iss…

@IntLawStudies's special volume on military AI continues with "AI-Enabled Decision-Support Systems in the Joint Targeting Cycle: Legal Challenges, Risks, and the Human(e) Dimension," by Jessica Dorsey and Marta Bo. digital-commons.usnwc.edu/ils/vol107/iss…

@IntLawStudies's volume on military AI continues with "Legal Issues Arising From the Military Use of AI-Supported Biometrics," by Marten Zwanenburg, analyzing the issues raised by use of AI-supported biometrics in military contexts. digital-commons.usnwc.edu/ils/vol107/iss…

@IntLawStudies's volume on military AI continues with "AI and Naval Operations," by Wolff Heintschel von Heinegg. The article provides a brief analysis of the legality of naval AI systems under the law of naval warfare. digital-commons.usnwc.edu/ils/vol107/iss…

@IntLawStudies's volume on military AI continues with "Military AI and the Specter of the Limitless War," by Yuval Shany & Yahli Shereshevsky, arguing that AI may upend the strategic restraint that has applied to IHL. digital-commons.usnwc.edu/ils/vol107/iss…

New article in @IntLawStudies. In "The Doctrine of Constructive Presence and Damage to Submarine Cables and Other Critical Underwater Infrastructure," James Kraska & Elizabeth Hutton argue for expansive use of the doctrine of constructive presence. digital-commons.usnwc.edu/ils/vol106/iss…

New @IntLawStudies volume. Volume 107 contains articles from the March 2025 University of Reading and Stockton Center workshop examining the application of international law to the use of military AI. The first set of articles is here: digital-commons.usnwc.edu/ils/

New article in @IntLawStudies: In "Classification of the Armed Conflicts in the Near East," Marco Sassòli explores the proper classification of Israel’s conflicts with Hamas and Hezbollah and discusses how the IHL of IAC or NIAC applies to those conflicts. digital-commons.usnwc.edu/ils/vol106/iss…

New article in @IntLawStudies, in "Iran and Its Proxies: Attribution and State Responsibility," Jennifer Maddocks examines Iran's potential responsibility for acts on the part of its proxies that violate its international legal obligations. digital-commons.usnwc.edu/ils/vol106/iss…

New in @IntLawStudies: In 2025 the U.S. explained its position on the legal character of UNCLOS's seabed mining provisions to the Int'l Seabed Authority Assembly and the UNCLOS Meeting of States Parties. Read the statements at digital-commons.usnwc.edu/ils/vol106/iss… and digital-commons.usnwc.edu/ils/vol106/iss….

New in @IntLawStudies: Remarks by Admiral Samuel Paparo, Commander, U.S. Indo-Pacific Command, at INDOPACOM's Military Law and Operations Conference, September 8, 2025. digital-commons.usnwc.edu/ils/vol106/iss…

New article in @IntLawStudies: "Space: The Final Frontier (For State Power): The History of the East India Company and the Future of Outer Space," by Richard Culbert, draws analogies for outer space from the experience of the British East India Company.

The third article in Lena Trabucco's three-part research series on AI-Enabled Autonomous Weapons and Human Control has just been published online in @IntLawStudies. Part III is Human Control and System Operators. digital-commons.usnwc.edu/ils/vol106/iss…