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Mayra Avilés
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Mayra Avilés
@marsdance21
🐶dog lover/music is always the answer🎵/dancing💃🏻 /novice in yoga/ 👩🏻⚕️mexican nephrologist
México Katılım Ağustos 2017
1.3K Takip Edilen300 Takipçiler
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📌 Surviving Sepsis Campaign 2026 Update
(Key updates every RT & ICU doctor must know)
💀 What is Sepsis?
Sepsis = life-threatening organ dysfunction due to infection
👉 In simple terms:
Infection → Dysregulated host response → Organ failure
#RespiratoryCare

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La Arquitectura Molecular del Agua 🧬
Para dominar los trastornos del sodio, debemos entender que el riñón no opera en el vacío, sino como el efector final de un intrincado sistema neuroendocrino.
Aqui te explico el balance del H2O
🧵
#FisiologiaRenal #Hiponatremia #Acuaporinas

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¿Líneas B en POCUS pulmonar? No todas son iguales.
#AventhoAnestesia #Aventho #SMMCE #SAML
Distinguir entre edema cardiogénico vs no cardiogénico cambia la conducta.
🔴 Edema cardiogénico (hidrostático)
* Líneas B difusas, simétricas y gravitacionales
* Pleura fina, continua
* Sin consolidaciones significativas
* Derrame pleural frecuente (transudado)
Fisiopatología: ↑ presión capilar → líquido intersticial homogéneo
🔵 Edema no cardiogénico (ARDS)
* Líneas B parcheadas, con áreas respetadas
* Pleura irregular, engrosada, fragmentada
* Consolidaciones subpleurales frecuentes
* Derrame escaso
Fisiopatología: daño alveolo-capilar heterogéneo
Perlas clínicas
• Integra SIEMPRE con contexto: shock, sepsis, sobrecarga, BNP
• Evalúa dinámica: el cardiogénico mejora rápido con diuréticos/PEEP
• Score pulmonar (LUS) útil para seguimiento, no solo diagnóstico
• Combinar con eco cardíaco → ↑ precisión diagnóstica
No es solo “hay líneas B”, sino cómo están distribuidas.


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Semaglutide in T2DM+CKD:
🧬 ↓ kidney outcomes (ESKD/eGFR decline/renal death)
📉 Slows CKD progression
❤️ CV risk ↓
Mechanism: ↓ glucagon↓ BP↓ RAAS ↑ endothelial function
⚠️ GI SE + lean mass loss signal
👉 CKD now = metabolic disease
nejm.org/doi/full/10.10…

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A couple acanthocytes under darkfield illumination - from patient with MPA - original magnification x500 #UrineMicroscopy #UrinarySediment
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⚠️🧪 𝗛𝗶𝗽𝗼𝗳𝗼𝘀𝗳𝗮𝘁𝗲𝗺𝗶𝗮: 𝗲𝗻𝗳𝗼𝗾𝘂𝗲 𝗱𝗶𝗮𝗴𝗻𝗼́𝘀𝘁𝗶𝗰𝗼 𝗳𝗶𝘀𝗶𝗼𝗽𝗮𝘁𝗼𝗹𝗼́𝗴𝗶𝗰𝗼
⬇️⬇️⬇️⬇️
🎯 𝘿𝙚𝙛𝙞𝙣𝙞𝙘𝙞𝙤́𝙣 𝙤𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙫𝙖
📉 Fósforo sérico < 𝟮.𝟱 𝙢𝙜/𝙙𝙇
🔴 Severa: <1 mg/dL → riesgo vital (debilidad diafragmática, arritmias)
🧠 𝙋𝘼𝙎𝙊 𝘾𝙇𝘼𝙑𝙀: ¿𝙋𝙚́𝙧𝙙𝙞𝙙𝙖 𝙧𝙚𝙣𝙖𝙡 𝙤 𝙣𝙤 𝙧𝙚𝙣𝙖𝙡?
👉 Determinar:
•𝙁𝙀𝙋𝙊₄ (𝙛𝙧𝙖𝙘𝙘𝙞𝙤́𝙣 𝙚𝙭𝙘𝙧𝙚𝙩𝙖𝙙𝙖 𝙙𝙚 𝙛𝙤𝙨𝙛𝙖𝙩𝙤)
•o 𝙛𝙤𝙨𝙛𝙖𝙩𝙤 𝙪𝙧𝙞𝙣𝙖𝙧𝙞𝙤 𝟮𝟰 𝙝
🔻 𝟭. 𝙁𝙀𝙋𝙊₄ < 𝟱% → 𝙧𝙞𝙣̃𝙤́𝙣 “𝙖𝙝𝙤𝙧𝙧𝙖” 𝙛𝙤𝙨𝙛𝙖𝙩𝙤 (𝙘𝙖𝙪𝙨𝙖 𝙚𝙭𝙩𝙧𝙖𝙧𝙧𝙚𝙣𝙖𝙡)
🟢 𝘼. ↓ 𝘼𝙗𝙨𝙤𝙧𝙘𝙞𝙤́𝙣 𝙜𝙖𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙤𝙞𝙣𝙩𝙚𝙨𝙩𝙞𝙣𝙖𝙡
💩 Diarrea crónica
💊 Antiácidos / quelantes de fosfato
☀️ Déficit de vitamina D
🔵 𝘽. 𝙍𝙚𝙙𝙞𝙨𝙩𝙧𝙞𝙗𝙪𝙘𝙞𝙤́𝙣 𝙞𝙣𝙩𝙧𝙖𝙘𝙚𝙡𝙪𝙡𝙖𝙧
🍽️ 𝙎𝙞́𝙣𝙙𝙧𝙤𝙢𝙚 𝙙𝙚 𝙧𝙚𝙖𝙡𝙞𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙖𝙘𝙞𝙤́𝙣
🌬️ Alcalosis respiratoria aguda
🧬 Síndrome de lisis tumoral (fase inicial)
🔺 𝟮. 𝙁𝙀𝙋𝙊₄ ≥ 𝟱% → 𝙧𝙞𝙣̃𝙤́𝙣 𝙥𝙞𝙚𝙧𝙙𝙚 𝙛𝙤𝙨𝙛𝙖𝙩𝙤 (𝙥𝙚́𝙧𝙙𝙞𝙙𝙖 𝙧𝙚𝙣𝙖𝙡)
🧬 𝘼. 𝘿𝙚𝙥𝙚𝙣𝙙𝙞𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙚 𝙙𝙚 𝙋𝙏𝙃
🔴 𝙋𝙏𝙃 𝙣𝙤𝙧𝙢𝙖𝙡 𝙤 𝙚𝙡𝙚𝙫𝙖𝙙𝙖
📉 Vitamina D baja → déficit vitamina D
📈 Vitamina D normal:
•Hiperparatiroidismo primario
•Fármacos:
•TKI
•Inhibidores ALK
•Estrógenos
•Bisfosfonatos / denosumab
🧬 𝘽. 𝙄𝙣𝙙𝙚𝙥𝙚𝙣𝙙𝙞𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙚 𝙙𝙚 𝙋𝙏𝙃
🔵 ↓ 𝙋𝙏𝙃
🟢 𝙁𝙂𝙁23 𝙣𝙤𝙧𝙢𝙖𝙡 𝙤 𝙗𝙖𝙟𝙤
🧪 𝙎𝙞́𝙣𝙙𝙧𝙤𝙢𝙚 𝙙𝙚 𝙁𝙖𝙣𝙘𝙤𝙣𝙞
•Mieloma múltiple
•Linfoma
•Toxicidad por quimioterapia
🟣 𝙁𝙂𝙁23 𝙚𝙡𝙚𝙫𝙖𝙙𝙤
🧠 𝙊𝙨𝙩𝙚𝙤𝙢𝙖𝙡𝙖𝙘𝙞𝙖 𝙤𝙣𝙘𝙤𝙜𝙚́𝙣𝙞𝙘𝙖
💉 Hierro IV (carboximaltosa férrica)
🧬 Terapias CAR-T
⚠️ 𝘾𝙇𝘼𝙑𝙀𝙎 𝘾𝙍𝙄́𝙏𝙄𝘾𝘼𝙎 𝙀𝙉 𝙐𝘾𝙄
🚨 𝙃𝙞𝙥𝙤𝙛𝙤𝙨𝙛𝙖𝙩𝙚𝙢𝙞𝙖 𝙨𝙚𝙫𝙚𝙧𝙖 𝙥𝙪𝙚𝙙𝙚 𝙘𝙖𝙪𝙨𝙖𝙧:
🫁 Debilidad diafragmática → falla ventilatoria
🫀 ↓ contractilidad miocárdica
🧠 Encefalopatía
🩸 Hemólisis
⚡ Rabdomiólisis
🔑 𝙋𝙚𝙧𝙡𝙖𝙨 𝙘𝙡𝙞́𝙣𝙞𝙘𝙖𝙨
⚡ En paciente crítico:
👉 𝙍𝙚𝙖𝙡𝙞𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙖𝙘𝙞𝙤́𝙣 = 𝙘𝙖𝙪𝙨𝙖 𝙢𝙖́𝙨 𝙛𝙧𝙚𝙘𝙪𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙚
🧪 Siempre evaluar:
•PTH
•Vitamina D
•FGF23 (si disponible)
🫀 Asociar con:
•Sepsis
•Ventilación mecánica
•Nutrición enteral/parenteral
🧠 𝙍𝙚𝙨𝙪𝙢𝙚𝙣 𝙥𝙖𝙧𝙖 𝙡𝙖 𝙜𝙪𝙖𝙧𝙙𝙞𝙖
👉 Hipofosfatemia =
1️⃣.📊 Calcular FEPO₄
2️⃣.⚖️ Diferenciar:
•Extrarrenal (shift / GI)
•Renal (PTH / FGF23)
3️⃣.🎯 Tratar causa + repleción
💊 𝙈𝙞𝙣𝙞 𝙚𝙣𝙛𝙤𝙦𝙪𝙚 𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙥𝙚́𝙪𝙩𝙞𝙘𝙤
🟢 Leve-moderada:
•VO (fosfato oral)
🔴 Severa / UCI:
•IV (fosfato sódico o potásico)
•⚠️ Monitorizar:
•Ca
•K
•función renal
‼️Si te sirve: ❤️ Me gusta | 🔁 Repost | ➕ Follow para más #MedED en #ClubCrit 😄🧠🫶
👇🏼👇🏼👇🏼👇🏼
📚📖#ClubCrit
#Hypophosphatemia #Phosphorus #Fosforo #CritCare #UCI #ICU #CriticalCare #Diagnóstico #icu #intensivecare #diagnosis #management #POCUS #VExUS #MedicinaBasadaEnEvidencia #Terapia #MedEd #Medicina #FOAMed #FOAMcc #CuidadoCrítico #MedX #EducaciónMédica #MedIntensiva #MedXCommunity #MedicinaCrítica #MedED #CritCare #ICUManagement #MustRead #LecturaRecomendada

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A side-by-side comparison of Creatinine and Cystatin C, the two primary biomarkers used to estimate Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR).
coreimpodcast.com/2023/11/08/ckd…

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🩻Contrast-induced AKI:
one of the biggest myths still shaping clinical decisions
For decades we were taught:
👉 “Contrast damages the kidneys”
👉 “Avoid CT with contrast in CKD”
👉 “Hydrate, protect, delay imaging if needed”
But what if… most of this is wrong?🤔
->The uncomfortable reality
Modern evidence shows:
👉 Low-osmolar contrast rarely causes true nephrotoxicity
👉 Even in CKD, AKI, and ICU patients
👉 The risk is often overestimated—or nonexistent
So where did the fear come from?
📍 1950s high-osmolar contrast (actually toxic)
📍 Poorly controlled observational studies
📍 “Creatinine rise = contrast injury” assumption
👉 Correlation became causation
👉 And the dogma stayed
⚠️What recent data tells us
✔ No difference in AKI rates with vs without contrast
✔ No benefit from bicarbonate, NAC, or aggressive hydration
✔ Even ICU and AKI patients show no worsening outcomes
->Translation to real life
👉 The patient was going to develop AKI anyway...Not because of contrast!!
->The real problem: “Renalism”
👉 Avoiding necessary imaging
👉 Delaying diagnosis
👉 Choosing inferior tests
And that leads to:
❌ Missed PE
❌ Delayed sepsis source control
❌ Worse outcomes
->Clinical mindset shift
Instead of asking:
👉 “Will contrast harm the kidneys?”
We should ask:
👉 “Will NOT doing the scan harm the patient?”
->Who still deserves caution?
✔ eGFR <30
✔ Severe hemodynamic instability
✔ Multiple nephrotoxins
Even then:
👉 Optimize volume
👉 Minimize dose
👉 Don’t delay critical imaging
🤓Bottom line
✔ Contrast nephrotoxicity exists… but is rare
✔ The fear is bigger than the risk
✔ The harm of NOT imaging is often greater
In critical care
👉 We don’t treat creatinine
👉 We treat patients
And sometimes…
👉 The most dangerous thing is NOT the contrast
👉 It’s hesitation.
📃Reference
Florens N, Demiselle J.
Kidney360 7: 445–449, 2026. doi: doi.org/10.34067/KID.0…

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¿Sodio? 🧂
Desglocemos el manejo del sodio a lo largo de la nefrona, entender su transporte e importancia nos ayudará con la toma de decisiones al pie de la cama del paciente.
Abro hilo 🧵
#FisiologiaRenal #MaculaDensa #MedicinaInterna #Nefrologia

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📉Low asymptomatic sodium in a hospitalized patient:
Are you chill 🧊 or do you treat 🛠️ ?
Next #NephJC 4/7/26, we're changing it up (let's see if anyone notices 👀) #NephTwitter
VA by @brian_rifkin
nephjc.com/news/2026/4/4/…
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En envenenamiento por mordedura de serpiente🐍 sucede lo siguiente:
•29% lesión renal aguda
•32% recibe diálisis
•14% muere
•la más dañina Russell’s viper
Metaanálisis 30 estudios
BMC Neph 2026
doi.org/10.1186/s12882…

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10 tips del manejo posterior a lesión renal aguda
1-transición del seguimiento
2-citarlo en corto
3-mide albuminuria
4-mide Cistatina C en sarcopenia
5-reinicia iSRAA
6-indica iSGLT2
7-evalúa riesgo cardiovascular
8-considera lo psicosocial
9-educa al sujeto
10-manejo multidisciplinario
CKJ 2026
academic.oup.com/ckj/advance-ar…

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En ancianos, el determinante más relevante para decidir el inicio, o en qué modalidad de terapia de soporte renal hacerlo es la funcionalidad, no la edad
J Lat Am Geriat Med 2026
doi.org/10.24875/LAGM.…

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Best Mentorship abstract award: Exploring the pathogenesis of DKD progression by urinary single-cell RNA sequencing by @hhlwu et al, #ISNWCN @ISNWCN
Visual abstract available for download here: bit.ly/40vAg3d
World Congress of Nephrology@ISNWCN
"Exploring the pathogenesis of DKD progression by urinary single-cell RNA sequencing and urinary proteomic profiling for potential biomarkers of early non-diabetic CKD" by @hhlwu et al, was awarded with the #ISNWCN best Mentorship abstract award. Visual abstract by @elbaonelida, available for download here: bit.ly/40vAg3d
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The draft of @goKDIGO 2026 Clinical Practice for Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is available for public review through 🗓️ April 13, 2026
#Nephpearls
We invite you to review the draft and share comments to help inform the final guideline
👉 kdigo.org/guidelines/dia…




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Light-chain (AL) amyloidosis for nephrologists—treatment standard
More info: academic.oup.com/ndt/article/40…
@NDTsocial, @vinckcaro, @hjanders_hans, @ERAkidney
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