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How Day and Night Work in the Dome (Flat Earth) Model In the Flat Earth model, the sky is covered by a massive transparent dome (often called the firmament). The Sun is located outside the dome, and its light shines through the dome onto the Earth below. When sunlight hits one side of the dome, that side becomes bright day. The opposite side remains in shadow because the light doesn’t reach it, creating night. As the Sun moves across the dome, the direction of the light shifts. This causes half of the Earth’s surface to be illuminated while the other half stays dark — producing the cycle of day and night. This principle is similar to shining a lamp onto a large glass dome from the outside: one side lights up brightly, while the opposite side stays in complete shadow.