
Just so we're clear: Hatzola North West is a volunteer-run service staffed by approximately 61 male paramedics, doctors, and nurses from the local Orthodox community. The organisation operates under Rabbinical guidance and maintains male-only, gender-segregated roles for first responders. Women are forbidden to work in the ambulances. This is confirmed, for example, in a 2016 PhD thesis submitted at Durham University. Here is the reference: KASSTAN, BENJAMIN JAMES (2016) Immunities at the margins: Negotiating health and bodily care among Haredi Jews in the UK. Doctoral thesis, Durham University.





















