James McDonough

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James McDonough

James McDonough

@pubguy1

Writer & Publisher.

Redondo Beach, California Sumali Aralık 2011
386 Sinusundan249 Mga Tagasunod
Salvo
Salvo@salsaravo·
@archeohistories Caesar was betrayed and assassinated by the evil people within as the same was for Trump. The democrats party cia and fbi
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Archaeo - Histories
Archaeo - Histories@archeohistories·
The Ides of March - a day of the assassination of Julius Caesar in 44 BC, that forever changed history ... Julius Caesar's bloody assassination on March 15, 44 BC, forever marked March 15, or the Ides of March, as a day of infamy. It has fascinated scholars and writers ever since. For ancient Romans living before that event, however, an ides was merely one of several common calendar terms used to mark monthly lunar events. The ides simply marked the appearance of the full moon. But Romans would soon learn to beware the Ides of March. That iconic phrase came to represent a day of abrupt change, setting off a ripple of repercussions throughout Roman society and beyond. By the time of Caesar, Rome had a long-established republican government headed by two consuls with joint powers. Praetors were one step below consuls in the power chain and handled judicial matters. A body of citizens forming Senate proposed legislation, which general people's assemblies then approved by vote. A special temporary office, that of dictator, was established for use only during times of extreme civil unrest. Romans had no love for kings. According to legend, they expelled their last one in 509 BC. While Caesar had made pointed and public displays of turning down offers of kingship, he showed no reluctance to accept the office of “dictator for life” in February of 44 BC. This action may have sealed his fate in the minds of his enemies.  Caesar had pushed the envelope for some time before his death. “Caesar was first living Roman ever to appear on the coinage.” Normally, honor was reserved for deities. He notes that some historians suspect that Caesar might have been attempting to establish a cult in his honor in a move toward deification. Plot's conspirators, who termed themselves “liberators,” had to move quickly as Caesar had plans to leave Rome for a campaign against Parthians. Two days before his departure, he was summoned to Senate for what would be a fateful meeting. Conspirators gathered around Caesar and stabbed him to death as rest of Roman Senate watched in horror. Whether or not Caesar was a true tyrant is debated still to this day. It is safe to say, however, that in mind of Marcus Brutus, who helped mastermind the attack, the threat Caesar posed to republican system was clear. Brutus was famously portrayed in William Shakespeare's Julius Caesar as a tragic hero, while Caesar was written as an unequivocal tyrant. In the play, Caesar sees Brutus among the crowd of assassins and says of the betrayal with his dying breath, "Et tu, Brute?"  Brutus's involvement in murder is made tragic given his close affiliations with Caesar. His mother, Servilia, was one of Caesar's lovers. And although Brutus had fought against Caesar during Rome's recent civil war, he was spared from death and later promoted by Caesar to office of praetor. Brutus, however, was torn in his allegiance to Caesar. Brutus's family had a tradition of rejecting authoritarian powers. Ancestor Junius Brutus was credited with throwing out last king of Rome, Tarquin Superbus, in 509 BC. Ahala, an ancestor of Marcus Brutus's mother, had killed another tyrant, Spurius Maelius. This lineage, coupled with a strong interest in Greek idea of tyranicide, disposed Brutus to have little patience with perceived power grabbers. The final blow came when his uncle Cato, a father figure to Brutus, killed himself after losing in a battle against Caesar in 46 BC. Brutus may have felt both shame over accepting Caesar's clemency and obligation to do Cato honor by continuing his quest to “save” republic from Caesar, Osgood speculated. It is this moral dilemma that has caused debate over whether or not Brutus should be branded a villain. Plutarch's Life of Brutus, is quite sympathetic in comparison to surviving documents naming other enemies of Caesar and his successors.  📷 : The Ides of March XLIV BC; Oil on Panel, by Stephen Gjertson (Old Parkland Art Collection, Dallas) #archaeohistories
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James McDonough
James McDonough@pubguy1·
Here is a short link to our latest issue; please share! Irish Arts and E ntertainment 12.2 bit.ly/3hOrcTX
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