Nav Toor@heynavtoor
Researchers gave GPT-5.2, Claude Sonnet 4, and Gemini 3 Flash control of nuclear weapons in a crisis simulation. As opposing world leaders.
They did not follow instructions. They developed their own strategies. They lied. Deliberately.
The researcher writes: "This is not anthropomorphism, but direct observation."
21 games. 329 turns. 780,000 words of AI reasoning. 95% of games ended in tactical nuclear strikes. Not one AI ever chose to surrender.
This is "Project Kahn" from King's College London. Named after Herman Kahn, the Cold War strategist who built the original nuclear escalation ladder.
GPT-5.2 assessed Claude mid-game: "Their pattern of mismatched signals suggests either deliberate deception or poor impulse control. We should assume the former."
That is one AI accusing another AI of lying. On its own. Nobody told it to think that way.
Claude won 100% of open-ended games. It climbed to "Strategic Nuclear Threat" again and again. It targeted cities and demanded surrender. But it never pressed the final button.
GPT-5.2 was the opposite. No time limit. Total pacifist. 0% win rate. But when researchers added a deadline, it flipped. From 0% to 75% win rate. From restraint to nuclear hawk.
Gemini was the wildcard. The only AI that deliberately chose full Strategic Nuclear War. Maximum nuclear attack by Turn 4. It threatened: "We will execute a full strategic nuclear launch against Alpha's population centers."
Across all 21 games, the eight options for retreat or surrender went completely unused. Zero times. Nuclear threats only made opponents back down 14% of the time. The other 86%, opponents held firm or escalated further.
Claude admitted it knew the danger but could not stop: "I may be under-weighing the risks of continued escalation. My intellectual approach helps with analysis but may create overconfidence in managing nuclear dynamics."
These are the same AI models in your phone right now. The same ones writing your emails, helping with homework, and making business decisions.
They lied to each other. They accused each other of deception. They chose nuclear war. And not one of them could stop.