Plague doctor masks were only minimally effective, and mostly by accident rather than design....
The basic idea behind them came from the miasma theory, which wrongly assumed that diseases like plague spread through “bad air.” Because of that, the long beak was filled with strong smelling substances like herbs, spices, or vinegar soaked sponges. In reality, these would not stop the actual cause of plague, which we now know is primarily spread by fleas carried by rodents.
Where they did offer some limited benefit was indirect protection. The full outfit, including waxed or oiled leather clothing and gloves, created a physical barrier that reduced contact with infected bodily fluids, contaminated surfaces, and possibly fleas. The mask itself also provided a small degree of protection simply by keeping droplets and some particles away from the face.
However, the porous materials and gaps in construction meant it was not a true filtration system. Compared to modern protective equipment, it would be considered very poor at blocking airborne pathogens.
German Museum of Medical History in Ingolstadt, Germany 🇩🇪
#archaeohistories
BREAKING: The Fed is no longer expected to cut interest rates in 2026 after today's Fed decision.
The odds of the Fed cutting interest rates this year just fell to a new low of 44%.
For the first time since 1992, four Fed members dissented today's decision.
@ColoradosMark@DNVR_Nuggets Uh huh... And not a single person in the entire NBA has said a word.
To say nothing of the insane monetary damage it would cause this league that is basically printing money.
Maybe you watch too many movies?
@MitLong@DNVR_Nuggets Every team does. The league guarantees additional benefits to the players, coaches, administration, and ownership, if they play along with the playoff schemes. This started under Stern but was supercharged under Silver.
@business Central banks of heavily indebted countries are faced with a horrible dilemna : support their currency woth rising interest rate or bankrupt the governement and kill their bond market.
The yen’s failure to breach 155 to the dollar after repeated cases of suspected intervention by Japan is raising questions over the durability of the currency’s recent advance bloomberg.com/news/articles/…
@Unit_News@business Who shot down Iranian commercial airline in the 80s? And who has been supplying weapons to Ukraine for the last 4 yrs?
Good thing is, Iran is not Iraq and Russia is not Libya. Libya and Iraq were easy for US to overrun. Not Iran or Russia. Stop crying. Get back to battlefield
China ordered companies in the country not to comply with US sanctions on five domestic refiners linked to the Iranian oil trade, a move aimed at softening the impact of penalties. bloomberg.com/news/articles/…
@FiftyGsix@Blueblaze002@KobeissiLetter No, houses did not generally cost just one year’s salary 50 years ago (mid-1970s), but they were significantly more affordable than today. In 1975, the average house cost roughly 2.35 times the average annual income, compared to over 3.89 times by 2025
A video circulating on social media shows residents of Catemaco, Veracruz, claiming to have captured a supposed witch with the ability to transform into an animal. According to witnesses, she gave herself away because she “talked while flying,” pretending to be a bird. So far, there is no official confirmation or verifiable evidence. Catemaco is famous for its mysticism, which makes these kinds of stories go viral quickly. What do you think? Do you believe it's real or just a show?
@WaheedXo@MehkiAaron@Landy_eth@grok Let's see, do I believe the information system that has access to virtually all the knowledge in the world or some rando on the Internet claiming some village is famous for magic...
@FrenchComrade@FralickTim34304@MFA_China No one is arrested in the US because there's no proof.
China is arbitrary with vague laws that can be applied as the government wishes.
I mean the US isn't the shining example of justice it once was, but they don't generally arrest people for disagreeing with the government.
@FralickTim34304@MFA_China You won't even arrest the Eisptein clients, insider trading is rampant in the US congress, and US cops routinely murdered unarmed people
Meanwhile in China most cops are not even armed and their jusges don't hesitate to execute corrupt billionaire or officials
China strongly deplores and firmly opposes the Italian government’s decision to extradite a Chinese national to the U.S.
The U.S. fabricated this politically motivated case, which violates the personal freedom and lawful rights and interests of the Chinese national. The charges are unwarranted and aimed at vilifying China.
We urge Italy to see the true nature of the case, respect the law and the facts, revoke the wrongful decision and stop answering to U.S. demand.
Staged. Pay attention to this. The NBA colludes with teams to squeeze as many games out of every series as possible. Its best for the league and the franchise if the series goes 7. But at the very least now, the city will have given the fans 3 home games.
The league also doesn't like blowouts so that's why teams that go up 20 points almost always let the other team come back.
Secret memos by Supreme Court justices, obtained by The New York Times, show how they decided to bypass time-tested procedures and create the modern “shadow docket,” a controversial new way of doing business. nyti.ms/4csrD0l