Origin of the Species

@Sausage_Tot @Phillip05166897 @ancient707 My response:

@CompellingDNA They do not resemble each other. Petralona's brow ridges and cheek bones are less protrusive, its cranium is proportionally longer in the lateral view, and it has an occipital notch.

Is Herto Man a relative of Petralona Man that migrated into Africa and then failed? This theory cannot be falsified due to many anatomically overlapping traits..

@Maqitzara Do most people in your subgroup of the Fulani look like you or more black? Perhaps your subgroup has gone through intense endogamy.

@AnthropoTube This guy unironically probs more Eurasian than me

Dont ask me about the halo

@Sausage_Tot @dfossier @CompellingDNA Beyond geography, the facts that I've mentioned clearly prove that Africans are more basal than Non-Africans and are therefore genetically closer to the ancestral Homo sapiens population and the LCA. Non-Africans stem from Africans.

@AnthropoTube @dfossier @CompellingDNA This is about more than geography.

New genetic study. No reason to assume that the AMH split 60ka was OOA "Out of Africa" and "Yoruba" split. It was a Near East-Yoruba split. When Yoruba ancestors migrated into West Africa from North Africa. biorxiv.org/content/10.648…

@CompellingDNA @Sausage_Tot @isaacaden_ @dfossier How could pre-L3 have originated in the Levant, despite L3 having split from African L4 and despite 5 of L3's subclades being African? It's obvious that it formed in Africa and precursors of two of its subclades were carried into Eurasia.

@Sausage_Tot @AnthropoTube @isaacaden_ @dfossier Significantly, they propose a Northern route through the Levant to central Asia. This means the pre-L3 likely actually originated in the Levant or somewhere on the African Mediterranean.

@dfossier @isaacaden_ @CompellingDNA @Sausage_Tot All evidence supports an African origin, not a Eurasian origin. One is required to invalidate every evidence that supports an African origin just to create a basis for any other hypothesis, which indicates just how strong the African hypothesis is.

@isaacaden_ @AnthropoTube @CompellingDNA @Sausage_Tot My brother in Christ if you aren't able to accept the weight of the evidence you aren't going to listen to me about it.

@Sausage_Tot @isaacaden_ @dfossier @CompellingDNA What you propose would require every genetic indicator that Africa was the source to be a coincidence: Africa having the most haplogroups and the oldest haplogroups, the most genetic diversity and most ancestral alleles, the greatest relation to Eurasian archaics, etc.

@Sausage_Tot @isaacaden_ @dfossier @CompellingDNA The default and most plausible explanation is that the LCA formed and evolved into Homo sapiens in Africa, with Non-Africans retaining less ancestry from the LCA due to being a result of serial founder effects, hence why less genetic diversity = greater distance from Africa.

@Sausage_Tot @isaacaden_ @dfossier @CompellingDNA Then why are Sub-Saharan Africans closer to Eurasian archaics in terms of ancestral alleles (as reflected in f2 statistics) than modern Eurasians are? Because even the LCA that we share with Eurasian archaics came from Africa - and it evolved into Modern Humans in Africa.

The back-migration occurred within the past 1 MY broadly. Population A is Eurasian what distinguishes us from Neanderthals, Denisovans, and Antecessor is the Population B introgression which Eurasian hominids do not exhibit. There is a mountain of evidence suggesting we left Africa 2 MYA including the far more derived morphology of Eurasian specimens comparatively to contemporary African specimens including features such as cranial vault thickness and leaders in the field acknowledge its probability. Proteomics on Antecessor is a monumental study that has not been given its dues whatsoever it should be a much more prominent study in discussion.

@dfossier @CompellingDNA @Sausage_Tot All Non-African haplogroups coalesce to CT & L3, which ultimately stem from A0-T & L, which are unquestionably of African origin.

@dfossier @CompellingDNA @Sausage_Tot This is a fringe view. A & B are Modern Human haplogroups; A00 is contemporaneous with the most basal Modern Human fossils (Jebel Irhoud), and A0-T is contemporaneous with the second oldest Modern Human fossils (e.g. Omo Kibish).

@dfossier @CompellingDNA @Sausage_Tot Our greater percentage of ancestral alleles actually makes us less genetically differentiated from the Last Common Ancestor that Homo sapiens share with Denisovans & Neanderthals. This is why we're closer to those species in terms of f2 statistics, as shown below.

@dfossier @CompellingDNA @Sausage_Tot We have have 20% more ancestral alleles than Non-Africans, clearly indicating that the founding population of Homo sapiens was African.

@dfossier @CompellingDNA @Sausage_Tot No. Africa is the source. This is why genetic diversity is greatest in Africa and why it gradually decreases with distance from Africa. This indicates that Non-Africans are the result of serial founder effects, by which each subsequent founding population was smaller.

@AnthropoTube @CompellingDNA @Sausage_Tot Africa is a sink, where prior migrations were not eliminated by ice ages or food insecurity.

@dfossier @CompellingDNA @Sausage_Tot A1a & A1b formed from A1, which split from A0, which has been found in Pygmies and West Africans. A0 is the oldest subclade of A0-T, which is downstream from the sibling of A00, A00 being the oldest modern human haplogroup.

@dfossier @CompellingDNA @Sausage_Tot The same pattern applies to CT. CT's brother is B-M60, and they formed from BT, which is the brother of A1b1, which is carried by Khoisan and Nilotes. A1B1 & BT formed from A1b, which is the brother of A1a, which is found in Africa.

@dfossier @CompellingDNA @Sausage_Tot In regard to E, Sub-Saharan Africans carry E-M175, E-M132 & E-V38. Only E-M215 is widespread among Non-Africans, but that's due to migrations from North Africa - where it's most frequent (alongside the Horn). North Africans and Horn Africans carry ANA, which was the source.

@dfossier @CompellingDNA @Sausage_Tot Note that C, F & D-M174's TMRCAs are ~47 kya, but D0's is only ~20 to ~25 kya, indicating that it left Africa long after them.