
This week John Schmitt covers a decision regarding a Defendant seeking to withdraw from a pre-action admission of liability: 𝐈𝐧𝐝𝐮𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐌𝐚𝐢𝐧𝐭𝐞𝐧𝐚𝐧𝐜𝐞 𝐄𝐧𝐠𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐞𝐫𝐬 (𝐈𝐌𝐄 𝐂𝐨𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐬) 𝐋𝐭𝐝 𝐯 𝐖𝐞𝐛𝐬𝐭𝐞𝐫 𝐌𝐢𝐥𝐥𝐞𝐫 𝐋𝐭𝐝 [2026] 𝐄𝐖𝐇𝐂 393 (𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐦). In this most fiendishly difficult of procedural areas, he is a most welcome and erudite guide. Meanwhile, 𝐋𝐢𝐧𝐝𝐚 𝐍𝐞𝐥𝐬𝐨𝐧 examines another case involving a service point revolving around service by email, usually but by no means always a dangerous enterprise.
In other news, we were intrigued to note recently that the Court of Appeal has provided a further elucidation of the decision of the 𝐆𝐫𝐢𝐟𝐟𝐢𝐭𝐡𝐬 𝐯 𝐓𝐔𝐈 [2025] 𝐔𝐊𝐒𝐂 48, familiar to all our readers. In a very different context, in 𝐌𝐑 (𝐏𝐚𝐤𝐢𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐧) 𝐯 𝐒𝐞𝐜𝐫𝐞𝐭𝐚𝐫𝐲 𝐨𝐟 𝐒𝐭𝐚𝐭𝐞 𝐟𝐨𝐫 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐇𝐨𝐦𝐞 𝐃𝐞𝐩𝐚𝐫𝐭𝐦𝐞𝐧𝐭 [2026] 𝐄𝐖𝐂𝐀 𝐂𝐢𝐯 473 the Court commented [78]:
“It is necessary to identify, first, the nature of the ‘rule’ which was at issue in TUI. The rule is not a rule that (subject to exceptions) a party to litigation may not make submissions impugning the credibility or reliability of the evidence of a witness unless the witness has been cross-examined about those points. The rule as explained in the cases summarised by Lord Hodge is narrower than that. It is based on fairness, and on the principle, referred to by Bean LJ in his dissent, that litigation should not be conducted by ambush. The rule does not apply if the witness already knows, because the questions have been articulated earlier in the litigation, that his evidence is disputed, and, he is not, therefore, taken by surprise. The rule, rather, is that if he does not know in advance about the disputed matters, and has not been cross-examined about them, submissions cannot be made impugning his credibility (unless an exception to the rule applies).”
It is now clear, if it were not before, that the rule articulated in Griffiths does not operate – as some commentators have believed – as a quasi reversal of the burden of proof, but rather as a procedural safeguard intended to ensure fairness in the most general sense. As such it is really an expression of the overriding objective, perhaps nothing more.
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