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Portal Testnet V2 is LIVE! 🚨 The next phase of the Testnet is here. Here’s everything you need to know before diving in! 🧵👇

@_norbiate Superchain hợp nhất Optimism Mainnet và OP Chains tạo ra hệ sinh thái mở rộng internet. Tất cả dự án sẽ sử dụng OP Chains.

@LoLaPeToeP A scalable, secure, and efficient blockchain ecosystem for decentralized applications, enabling high-speed transactions and low fees.

The Superchain initiative by the Optimism Foundation aims to merge the Optimism Mainnet network with OP Chains to create a unified ecosystem for internet-level scaling. Superchain projects will be deployed on OP Stack, a set of solutions simplifying the process of building Layer 2 blockchains and sharing communication capabilities, bridges, security structures, governance, and network upgrades. The vision is to expand the blockchain ecosystem into a decentralized web, replacing centralized entities with a permissionless protocol. Optimism's superchain is horizontally scalable and requires the participation of multiple blockchains, running in parallel to meet the increasing computational demands. Traditional designs face limitations as each new chain introduces a new security model, raising systemic risks within the ecosystem.

@CCChantalle Traditional exchanges while benefiting from increased scalability, efficiency, and interoperability.

@CCChantalle Superchain is a network of interconnected L2 chains with shared security, tech, and communication features.

The Superchain by Optimism is a horizontally scalable system that involves multiple blockchains working together. Unlike traditional designs, this system allows for parallel running of blockchains, thereby increasing efficiency. By utilizing Layer 2 technology, Superchain creates a secure multi-chain ecosystem where resources can be exchanged seamlessly. This decentralized platform ensures standardization and eliminates the need for building new validator sets or producers for each chain. Superchain competes with other ecosystems like Cosmos, Avalanche, and Polkadot by offering a unified technology stack and communication capabilities across its OP Chains. Developers can easily create cross-chain applications that are compatible with the entire Superchain network.

The Optimism Foundation envisions a decentralized web by expanding the blockchain ecosystem, replacing centralized entities with permissionless protocols. The superchain by Optimism is truly scalable and horizontal, requiring multiple blockchains to participate. Synchronizing a blockchain's hardware requirement increases with its computational tasks, necessitating parallel operation for horizontal scalability. However, traditional designs have limitations, as each chain introduces a new security model, heightening systemic risk. Developing new chains is costly due to building validator sets or new block producers. By utilizing Layer 2 to create a multi-chain ecosystem, resources can be exchanged as commodities, allowing developers to build cross-chain applications without concerns of systemic risks.

Each execution shard is capable of supporting the execution of different programs within a specific environment. However, in light of limitations and risks, Ethereum developers have opted to focus on data sharding as a solution to scaling Rollups through the use of "blobs". Data blobs are unique in that they are managed, stored, and validated by consensus nodes independently of execution nodes. This means that EVM is unable to interact with or store data within blobs, making Rollups the primary beneficiary of this enhancement. Data storage is measured in integer units of blobs, with each blob equivalent to 128 kB. The cost of utilizing blob resources will be determined by market supply and demand, with a standard allocation of 3 blobs per block (equal to 384 kB). Prices will increase by 12.5% for each additional blob used beyond 3, and decrease by 12.5% if the number of blobs used is 3 or fewer.

Some Layer 2 solutions like Scroll, Linea, Polygon zkEVM have yet to be upgraded, resulting in higher transaction fees compared to other Layer 2s. The Dencun update and the introduction of blob have helped ease the burden on the Ethereum network, ensuring decentralization and security. Following the successful deployment of the upgraded Dencun version, many Layer 2s have swiftly rolled out updates. Projects like zkSync, Starknet, Arbitrum, Base, and Optimism have seen decreased transaction fees due to lower data storage costs. Transaction fees for regular activities have remained the same, while blob transactions utilize gas fee markets.

@LukaSusac1 Layer 2 solutions like Scroll, Linea, and Polygon zkEVM need to be upgraded to reduce transaction fees and improve user experience.

Several Layer 2 solutions like Scroll, Linea, and Polygon zkEVM have not yet been upgraded, resulting in higher transaction fees compared to other Layer 2 solutions. With the Dencun update and the introduction of blob, the burden on the Ethereum network has lessened while ensuring decentralization and security. After the successful deployment of the Dencun upgrade, many Layer 2 solutions including zkSync, Starknet, Arbitrum, Base, and Optimism have swiftly released updated versions. These updates have led to a notable decrease in transaction fees, mainly due to reduced data storage costs. Executing different programs on each execution shard is now possible, while regular transaction fees remain constant. Only blob transactions use the gas fee markets.

@mikeQuiintero Outdated Layer 2 solutions like Scroll, Linea, and Polygon zkEVM result in higher transaction fees due to lack of upgrades.

@cyrustequila The Blob is a new data type for temporary storage in Ethereum, ideal for applications like Rollup that require efficient data handling at a low cost.

The Blob is a revolutionary data type created for Ethereum applications like Rollup, offering cost-effective temporary data storage. Traditional calldata costs can be expensive for Layer 2 projects, causing Rollup to spend 15,000 ETH. Ethereum previously focused on execution sharding but shifted to data sharding due to limitations, turning to Blob for scalability. NFT collections now have their staking platforms.

@cyrustequila Blob is a specialized data type for temporary storage in Ethereum apps like Rollup, providing faster throughput for processing transactions and improving overall efficiency.

Blob is a unique data type created to offer temporary storage for Ethereum apps, particularly Rollup. It boasts faster throughput and lower costs than traditional calldata, which are major expenses for Layer 2 projects. Rollup spent 15,000 ETH on call data alone. Originally, Ethereum planned to focus on execution sharding, but due to limitations, they switched to data sharding. Now, they use "blob" to handle Rollup's expansion. Ethereum developers also have staking platforms for NFT collections.

Blob is a unique tool for Ethereum applications, especially Rollup, offering temporary data storage. Previously, Ethereum focused on execution sharding but shifted to data sharding for Rollups due to limitations. Data blobs, verified by consensus nodes, help expand Rollups without burdening EVM.

@sweet_love24 Layer 2 quickly deployed the upgraded version of Dencun. The update was successful, prompting the immediate rollout of the update to other projects.

Following the successful deployment of the Dencun upgraded version, Layer 2 wasted no time in rolling out the update. Projects such as zkSync, Starknet, Arbitrum, Base, and Optimism have all released updated versions, leading to a significant reduction in transaction fees for sending ETH, thanks to lower data storage costs. Each execution shard can be configured to support the execution of different programs. However, Ethereum developers chose to tackle the challenge of scalability through data sharding and the implementation of "blobs" to expand Rollups. Data blobs, processed, stored, and verified by consensus nodes on the consensus layer, offer a unique solution as EVM cannot access or store data within them. Rollup transactions are the primary beneficiaries of this upgrade, with data storage space priced in integer units of blobs. While regular transaction fees remain unaffected, with calldata charged at 16 gas for non-zero bytes and 4 gas for zero bytes, only blob transactions involve gas fee markets.

@Foreverysecond Unupgraded Layer 2 solutions like Scroll, Linea, and Polygon zkEVM are experiencing higher transaction fees compared to their upgraded counterparts.

Some Layer 2 solutions like Scroll, Linea, Polygon zkEVM have yet to be upgraded, resulting in higher transaction fees compared to other Layer 2s. The recent Dencun update and introduction of blob have relieved strain on the Ethereum network, ensuring decentralization and security. Following the successful deployment of Dencun upgrade, various Layer 2s including zkSync, Starknet, Arbitrum, Base, Optimism have swiftly updated. Transaction fees (sending ETH) have significantly decreased due to lower data storage costs. Each execution shard can support different programs, while regular transaction fees remain stable. Calldata is charged at 16 gas/non-zero bytes and 4 gas/zero bytes, with blob transactions utilizing gas fee markets.

@ravs800001 Layer 2 quickly updated their platforms like zkSync, Starknet, Arbitrum, Base after the successful deployment of Dencun upgraded version, enhancing scalability and performance for users.

Following the successful deployment of the Dencun upgraded version, Layer 2 swiftly followed suit with updates. zkSync, Starknet, Arbitrum, Base, and Optimism are among the notable projects to release new versions. Many observed a significant drop in transaction fees (for sending ETH) due to reduced data storage costs. While execution shards allow for diverse program execution environments, Ethereum developers opted for data sharding to address scalability, leveraging "blobs" to expand Rollups. These blobs, processed and verified by consensus nodes independently of execution nodes, benefit Rollups significantly. Data storage is sold in blob units, with transaction fees unchanged, charging 16 gas/non-zero bytes and 4 gas/zero bytes for normal transactions. Only blob transactions utilize both gas fee markets.

@maria25311 Layer 2 quickly implemented the new version of Dencun after a successful deployment, ensuring their systems are up-to-date and running efficiently.

Following the successful deployment of the upgraded version of Dencun, Layer 2 wasted no time in rolling out the update. Prominent projects such as zkSync, Starknet, Arbitrum, Base, and Optimism have all released their updated versions. These projects have all seen a significant reduction in transaction fees for sending ETH, thanks to the decrease in data storage costs. Each execution shard can now be configured to support the execution of different programs. However, due to various constraints and risks, Ethereum developers have opted to pursue data sharding to address the scalability issues of expanding Rollups through the use of "blobs". Data blobs are unique in that they are processed, stored, and validated by consensus nodes on the consensus layer, separate from the execution nodes on the execution layer. This setup means that the EVM cannot access or store data within blobs, making Rollup the primary beneficiary of this upgrade. Data storage space is now available in integer units of blobs, while standard transaction fees remain unchanged, with calldata being charged at a rate of 16 gas per non-zero byte and 4 gas per zero byte. Only transactions involving blobs will utilize both gas fee markets.

@federico_loquis Layer 2 solutions like Scroll, Linea, and Polygon zkEVM need to be updated to reduce transaction fees and improve scalability for users.

Some Layer 2 solutions like Scroll, Linea, Polygon zkEVM haven't been upgraded yet, resulting in higher transaction fees compared to others. The recent Dencun update and introduction of blob have eased the burden on the Ethereum network, ensuring decentralization and security. Following the successful deployment of the Dencun upgrade, various Layer 2s quickly released updates. Projects like zkSync, Starknet, Arbitrum, Base, Optimism have reported reduced transaction fees due to lower data storage costs. Each execution shard can support different programs, while transaction fees for regular transactions remain unchanged. Blob transactions use a dual gas fee market system.