JAMA Network Open

Updated #Asthma diagnostic criteria from the Global Initiative for Asthma increased sensitivity by removing airflow limitation and including type 2 inflammatory biomarkers, but reduced specificity, raising overdiagnosis concerns. ja.ma/4x0zg6m

Rates of hepatocellular carcinoma #Surveillance among patients with #Cirrhosis in US safety-net health systems declined after the COVID-19 pandemic and remained persistently low through early 2024. ja.ma/43oDRS1

Among patients receiving #ImmuneCheckpointInhibitors, systemic glucocorticoid immunosuppression near initiation, at higher doses, and longer durations was associated with shorter overall survival, regardless of indication. ja.ma/4v5dsoj

Newborns with antenatal #Opioid exposure had reduced cerebral cortical sulcal depth and surface area, with greater reductions among those exposed to methadone or polysubstances, suggesting altered neonatal cortical folding. ja.ma/4dZDJOZ

Persons with #HIV had to travel farther to access #CAR-T clinical trials for #NonHodgkinLymphoma compared with the general population, with the greatest disparities in the South where HIV prevalence is highest. ja.ma/3RtyL4k

Meta-analysis indicates environmental exposure to #Arsenic, #Cadmium, and #Vanadium is associated with increased #UrologicCancer risk, while evidence for other nonessential elements and low-level exposures remains limited and heterogeneous. ja.ma/4urab2u

An FDA boxed warning for #Montelukast in 2020 was associated with decreased prescription rates for patients with #Asthma, a reduction observed across all age and severity groups in a national insurance cohort. ja.ma/4dD7LGX

In a randomized trial, #Email recruitment increased research participant engagement more than patient portal messaging; message content (altruistic vs individualistic) had no significant overall effect. ja.ma/4wHBEP6

In simulated pediatric in-hospital #CardiacArrest, augmented reality decision support improved adherence to #PALS epinephrine dosing intervals, but did not shorten time to first epinephrine or affect other key performance metrics. ja.ma/4nJhKzh

The CMS payment reclassification modestly increased inpatient documentation of #homelessness, with accelerated coding for housing and other health-related social needs among Medicare beneficiaries. ja.ma/4nHcoUZ

In patients with #OvarianCancer, mirvetuximab soravtansine exposure was linked to higher odds of cataract surgery compared with age-matched controls, highlighting long-term ocular safety considerations. ja.ma/4dYl321

#EmergencyDepartment LWBS rates in California rose during the pandemic and remained highest at urban, government, and safety net hospitals, indicating persistent disparities in acute care access. ja.ma/4dZhLf1

Among adults with newly identified #HFrEF, most did not undergo LVEF reassessment and GDMT use at 12 months was modest, even for those with persistent reduced ejection fraction or improved LVEF. ja.ma/4eXCMrw

Few patients with advanced #RenalCellCarcinoma discontinued first-line axitinib-pembrolizumab due to adverse events, indicating improved AE management and prioritization of efficacy and safety. ja.ma/4dEUQ7A

Among very preterm newborns, prolonged #phototherapy was not associated with increased neonatal mortality, though longer exposure was linked to higher rates of severe morbidity. ja.ma/49hDPyU

Pediatric primary care visits for #MentalHealth diagnoses increased in Massachusetts from 2014 to 2023, especially for #Anxiety, while overall visit rates declined. ja.ma/3RRyVm8

#Leucovorin prescriptions rose over 24-fold among US children with #Autism Spectrum Disorder after prominent media and political announcements, despite lack of large-scale efficacy data. ja.ma/49bjGKN

This prospective observational study of breastfeeding problems finds no associations between distinct maxillary frenulum (upper-lip tie) findings and mother-reported breastfeeding problems. ja.ma/4wCHPnH

Pharmacist-led outreach for patients with #Diabetes and #ChronicKidneyDisease was associated with doubled #SGLT2 inhibitor initiation vs usual care, but did not impact short-term clinical outcomes. ja.ma/49YgEK4

Among adolescents w/ major depressive disorder + suicidal ideation, dual-site accelerated intermittent theta burst stimulation targeting the prefrontal cortex and cerebellum was more effective for reducing suicidal ideation than single-site stimulation. ja.ma/3PTrBWD