

MINDlab
113 posts

@MINDlabpt
Molecular Design & Innovation Laboratory | #SciComm in #Chemistry & #Materials | Alex Kirillov & Research Team at University of Lisbon (IST-CQE) |@ScienceArtHub







Salty Ice: A Magic Cooling Mixture. Do you know a Simple Way to Decrease the Ice Temperature up to -20 °C? Just add salt. #sciart #scicomm #chemistry #science #education This phenomenon is known as freezing point depression. When salt (sodium chloride) is added to ice, it dissolves in a thin layer of liquid water on the surface of ice. The presence of salt in liquid water decreases the freezing point of the solution. As more salt dissolves, the freezing point decreases further. This means that the ice becomes even colder to maintain a solid state in the presence of saltwater. Freezing point depression depends on the concentration of solute (salt) in a solvent (water). Ice absorbs heat from the environment when melting. In contrast, water releases energy when solidifying into ice. At the freezing point, these two processes are at equilibrium. When salt is added to water, it also disrupts the formation of the crystal structure of water. This interference makes it more difficult for the water molecules to turn into the solid phase, so they need to be cooled to a lower temperature to solidify. Apart from laboratory and culinary uses (ice cream preparation), this phenomenon of freezing point depression is crucial for winter road maintenance when roads are salted to melt ice and/or prevent its formation. Image shows a color change of salty ice from orange to cyan corresponding to a temperature decrease upon cooling. Image by ©Alex Kirillov. @ScienceArtHub







