UPSC NOTES

Prelims 2015-2025 PYQs with Answer key Practice on WhatsApp Channel 👇 whatsapp.com/channel/0029Vb…

CSE PRE 2025 (GS 2, CSAT – SET : A) – UPSC OFFICIAL ANSWER KEY Vs. COACHING ANSWER KEY - @ CompilationsbyDon

Questions Aisa banao ki khud UPSC + 100 Coaching Institutes milke correct answer Na Bata paye. 😂

Foreign Travellers to the Vijayanagara Empire 1. Nicolo Conti — Italy — Deva Raya I 2. Abdur Razzaq — Persia — Deva Raya II 3. Duarte Barbosa — Portugal — Krishnadeva Raya 4. Domingo Paes — Portugal — Krishnadeva Raya 5. Fernao Nuniz — Portugal — Achyuta Deva Raya 6. Cesare Federici — Italy — Late Vijayanagara period 7. Athanasius Nikitin — Russia — Deva Raya II

True! Once you open the video you'll find general things like there are 3 portions in CSAT, Attempt this much RC, easy maths and reasoning and your are done. Solve GS paper in 3 round, first solve only sure shot question, then 50-50 then take calculative risk. 😂 Keep calm, drink water, breath slowly, focus here , do this, do that......etc Apka time waste ho gaya, bhai log ko views mil gaye. There are thousands of videos on elimination techniques still cutoff is below 100. People are solving GS questions with 100s of tricks still cutoff is below 100. Knowledge is supreme, baki sab bad me kaam ayega. Focus on static/basics.

Difference Between Ballistic Missiles and Cruise Missiles

Ajanta Caves

SANGAM AGE:- KEY HIGHLIGHTS

🔆 10 Years of Unified Payments Interface (UPI) 📍 Why in News? ✅ Unified Payments Interface completes 10 years (2016–2026) ✅ Emerged as backbone of India’s digital payments ecosystem 📍 About UPI ▪️ Launched: April 2016 ▪️ Developed by National Payments Corporation of India under Reserve Bank of India ▪️ What it does? ✅ Integrates multiple bank accounts into a single mobile interface ✅ Enables instant, seamless fund transfer & merchant payments 📍 Key Achievements ▪️ Explosive Growth 📈 ✅ From 2 crore transactions (2016-17) → 24,162 crore (2025-26) ✅ ~60 crore daily transactions ▪️ Wide Banking Network 🏦 ✅ From 44 banks → 703 banks ▪️ Global Leadership 🌍 ✅ ~49% of world’s real-time payments (IMF recognition) ✅ Operational in: UAE, Singapore, France, Bhutan, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Mauritius, Qatar 📍 About NPCI ▪️ Umbrella body for retail payments in India ▪️ Initiative of RBI & Indian Banks’ Association ▪️ Legal basis: Payment and Settlement Systems Act, 2007 ▪️ Type: Not-for-profit (Section 8 Company) 📍 Key Products ✅ IMPS | NACH | UPI | RuPay | AePS 📍 Significance ▪️ Boosts financial inclusion ▪️ Enables cashless economy ▪️ Strengthens Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) ▪️ Enhances global fintech leadership 📍 Conclusion UPI’s decade-long journey reflects India’s success in building scalable, inclusive, and globally competitive digital payment systems. #GS3 #Economy

Prelims 2015-2025 PYQs with Answer key Practice on WhatsApp Channel 👇 whatsapp.com/channel/0029Vb…

Temple Architecture (One Pager)

✅ Pacific Ocean 💎Warm Currents:- ♟️1. Kuroshio Current (Japan Current) ♟️2. North Equatorial Current ♟️3. South Equatorial Current ♟️4. East Australian Current ♟️5. Equatorial Counter Current ♟️6. Alaskan Current 💎Cold Currents:- ♟️1. Oyashio Current ♟️2. California Current ♟️3. Peru Current (Humboldt Current) ♟️4. West Wind Drift (part of Antarctic Circumpolar Current).

Atmosphere: Layers of Atmosphere The sequence of layers above the Earth's surface: 𝗠𝗻𝗲𝗺𝗼𝗻𝗶𝗰: "𝗧𝗿𝘂𝘀𝘁 𝗠𝗲 𝗜𝗻 𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗘𝘅𝗮𝗺" Tr: Troposphere St: Stratosphere Me: Mesosphere In: Ionosphere (part of Thermosphere) Th: Thermosphere Ex: Exosphere

Science & Tech: Types of Orbits LEO (Low Earth Orbit): 160–2,000 km. Used for imaging and remote sensing. MEO (Medium Earth Orbit): ~20,200 km. Used for Navigation (GPS/NavIC). GEO (Geostationary Orbit): 35,786 km. Appears stationary; used for communication/weather.

📌 Major Phases of the Indian National Movement *1. Moderate Phase (1885–1905)* 1885 – Formation of the Indian National Congress (INC) 1892 – Indian Councils Act 1905 – Partition of Bengal *2. Extremist / Assertive Phase (1905–1918)* 1906 – Formation of the All India Muslim League 1907 – Split in Congress: Moderates and Extremists 1908 – Arrest of Bal Gangadhar Tilak 1908 – Martyrdom of Khudiram Bose 1909 – Morley–Minto Reforms Act 1911 – Annulment (Reunification) of Bengal *3. Non-Cooperation & Swaraj Phase (1919–1934)* 1919 – Rowlatt Act 1919 – Jallianwala Bagh Massacre 1920–1922 – Non-Cooperation Movement 1922 – Impact of Champaran and Kheda Movements 1927–1929 – Satyagraha movements and Congress demand for Purna Swaraj *4. Civil Disobedience & Mass Movements (1930–1942)* 1930 – Dandi March (Salt Satyagraha) 1930–1934 – Civil Disobedience Movement 1935 – Government of India Act 1939–1945 – Impact of World War II on India 5. Final Phase & Independence (1942–1947) 1942 – Quit India Movement 1946 – Final political struggle between Congress and Muslim League 15 August 1947 – India attained Independence

✅ Clouds can be classified into several main types based on their appearance and altitude. # Basic Types of Clouds - Cirrus: High-altitude, thin, and wispy clouds found above 8,000 meters. They are made of ice crystals and usually indicate fair weather. - Cumulus: Puffy, cotton-like clouds with a flat base, typically forming between 4,000 and 7,000 meters. These clouds often signal good weather but can develop into larger rain clouds. - Stratus: Low, layered clouds that stretch across the sky like a blanket. They are usually gray and may produce drizzle or light rain. - Nimbus: Dark, thick clouds at lower altitudes. They are responsible for heavy rainfall, thunderstorms, or snow. Clouds with “nimbus” in their name produce precipitation. # Classification Based on Altitude - High-Level Clouds (above 6,000 meters): Cirrus, Cirrostratus, Cirrocumulus. - Mid-Level Clouds (2,000 to 6,000 meters): Altostratus, Altocumulus, Nimbostratus. - Low-Level Clouds (up to 2,000 meters): Stratus, Stratocumulus, Cumulus, Cumulonimbus. # Special Types - Cumulonimbus: Towering vertical clouds that can reach high into the atmosphere and are associated with thunderstorms, heavy rain, and lightning. - Nimbostratus: Thick, gray clouds covering the sky, bringing continuous precipitation. The main terms used in naming clouds are “cirro-” (high), “alto-” (middle), “strato-” (layered), “cumulo-” (heap or puffy), and “nimbo-” (rain producing). Understanding cloud types is important for predicting weather conditions.

✅ DIFFERENT NAMES OF SHIFTING CULTIVATION

🔆The Ganga River System

Interior of the Earth

@kunalrv ❤️❤️❤️

Exactly a decade ago on 26.04.2016, I appeared for the UPSC CSE interview for the first time.

UPSC Prelims 2023 Question Paper A thread 🧵