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UPSC Basics
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UPSC Basics
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Free Material for UPSC and State PSCs
Delhi Katılım Kasım 2022
207 Takip Edilen5.5K Takipçiler
India's Nuclear Energy Landscape
India is steadily expanding its nuclear power programme to strengthen energy security and support clean economic growth. Backed by indigenous technologies and long-term planning, nuclear energy will play an increasingly important role in India's low-carbon energy transition.
India currently operates 24 nuclear power reactors across seven sites with a total installed capacity of 8.78 Gigawatt (GW).
Ten more reactor units with a combined capacity of 8000 Megawatt (MW) are under construction. Pre-project activities for 10 additional reactors are also underway.
These reactors are Pressurised Heavy Water Reactors (PHWRs), Boiling Water Reactors (BWRs) and Light Water Reactors (LWRs).
India mainly uses natural uranium fuel to run the Pressurised Heavy Water Reactors (PHWRs) to produce nuclear energy. Plutonium is produced as a bye product.
The Australian uranium will ensure a steady supply of the primary fuel to run these reactors.
India's long-term strategy is centred on utilising its abundant thorium reserves for future nuclear fuel, found mainly in the coastal sands of Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, and Odisha. But naturally occurring Thorium has to be first made fissile by neutron absorption inside a nuclear reactor.
India is advancing Fast Breeder Reactors (FBRs) to utilise plutonium and support the transition to thorium-based reactors.
The Government has allocated ₹20,000 crore in the Union Budget 2025–26, for the research, design, development, and deployment of indigenous Small Modular Reactors (SMRs).
SMRs typically generate up to 300 MWe of electricity. Their compact, modular design enables factory-based manufacturing, faster construction, improved quality and phased deployment.
The Government aims to operationalise at least five indigenous SMRs by 2033. #upscprelims2026 #upsc
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India's indigenously built 500 MWe Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor (PFBR) at Kalpakkam attained first criticality on 6 April 2026, marking the start of India’s second stage of its three-stage nuclear power programme. Unlike conventional reactors, the PFBR uses plutonium recovered from spent fuel of Pressurised Heavy Water Reactors (PHWRs) and is designed to produce more nuclear fuel than it consumes. #upscprelims2026 #upsc
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Harike Wetland also known as “Hari-ke-Pattan”, with the Harike Lake in the deeper part of it, is the largest wetland in northern India.
#upscprelims2027 #upscprelims #upsc #bpsc
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Yamuna River System: It originates from the Yamunotri Glacier on the southwestern slopes or Banderpoonch peak in the Mussoorie range of the lower Himalayas.
The largest tributary of the Ganga in the northern plains.
Its main affluent in the upper reaches is the Tons which also rises from the Bandarpunch glacier.
It joins the Yamuna below Kalsi before the latter leaves the hills. The total length of the Yamuna from its origin till Allahabad is 1,376 km. #upscprelims2027 #upscprelims #bpsc #uppsc
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