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Propolis is a resin made by bees and has anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and tissue-repair properties.
How does propolis help with ulcers
*1. For skin ulcers / wounds / diabetic foot ulcers*
- *Fights infection*: Propolis inhibits bacteria and reduces microbial load in wounds. Studies on chronic ulcers found decreased microorganisms and less odor after propolis use.
- *Reduces inflammation*: It inhibits nuclear transcription factor kappa-B, lowering inflammation and pain.
- *Promotes tissue repair*: Stimulates reepithelialization and skin regeneration. It increases granulation tissue, collagen production, and growth factor expression.
- *Speeds healing*: Clinical trials on diabetic foot ulcers and leprosy-related lower limb ulcers showed propolis ointment significantly reduced ulcer size faster than conventional treatment. One study found 70% of chronic ulcers healed before 13 weeks.
*2. For gastric / stomach ulcers*
- *Antisecretory effects*: green propolis reduces gastric juice volume, total acidity, and can increase gastric pH. Compounds like artepillin C, drupanin, and phenolic acids in propolis are responsible.
- *Cytoprotective + anti-ulcer activity*: In studies, propolis extract significantly reduce lesion index and affected area in ethanol-, indomethacin-, and stress-induced gastric ulcers.
- *Anti-inflammatory + antioxidant*: Flavonoids and cinnamic acid derivatives in propolis help protect gastric epithelial cells.
*3. For corneal ulcers*
Green propolis extract applied topically helped with alkali-induced corneal ulcers heal faster, with significant ulcer reduction after 24 hours.
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