Jenny Yang

"AI and Our Economic Future" New paper in preparation for the Journal of Economic Perspectives ==> accessible to a broad audience. web.stanford.edu/~chadj/AIandEc…

In 1922, a group of scientists went to the Toronto General Hospital where diabetic children were kept in wards, often 50 or more at a time. Most of them were comatose and dying from diabetic ketoacidosis. Others were being treated by being placed on an extremely strict diet, which inevitably led to starvation. This is known as one of medicine's most incredible moments. Imagine a room full of parents sitting at the bedside waiting for the inevitable death of their child. The scientists went from bed to bed and injected the children with a new purified extract: it was called insulin. As they began to inject the last comatose child, the first child injected began to awaken. Then one by one, all the children awoke from their diabetic comas. A room of death and gloom became a place of joy and hope. In the early 1920s Frederick Banting and Charles Best discovered insulin under the directorship of John Macleod at the University of Toronto. With the help of James Collip insulin was purified, making it available for the successful treatment of diabetes. In the same year, Banting, Collip, and Best decided to sell the insulin patent to the University of Toronto for $1. Banting and Macleod earned a Nobel Prize for their work in 1923. Photo Credits: Library and Archives Canada

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Heads down, keep building. 1844: Telegraph demonstration by Samuel Morse in Canada 1849: Wire cable - Thomas Keefer 1851: Kerosene - Abraham Gesner 1853: Railway car manufacturing begins - Grand Trunk Railway shops in Pointe-Saint-Charles, Montreal 1856: First Canadian-built locomotive - Toronto Locomotive Works 1867: First commercial oil well in North America - James Miller Williams 1873: Standard time - Sir Sandford Fleming 1876: Telephone - Alexander Graham Bell (while living in Brantford, Ontario) 1878: Mechanical foghorn - Robert Foulis 1879: Electric light bulb (incandescent filament) - Henry Woodward (later sold patent to Edison) 1879: Canada Car and Manufacturing Company begins railcar production 1883: Electric cooking range - Thomas Ahearn 1887: Frost-resistant wheat - David and Charles Fife (Red Fife wheat) 1887: Canadian Pacific Railway's Angus Shops begin manufacturing locomotives and rolling stock 1892: Basketball - James Naismith (born in Ontario, invented it while in Massachusetts) 1902: Pablum (baby cereal) - Frederick Tisdall and Theodore Drake 1904: Massey-Harris begins manufacturing farm equipment in Toronto 1905: First successful airplane in British Empire - Alexander Graham Bell's team with the Silver Dart 1908: Robertson screw and screwdriver - Peter Lymburner Robertson 1909: Canadian Car and Foundry (CC&F) established, manufacturing railway cars 1913: Radio voice transmission - Reginald Fessenden 1915: Gas mask with chemical filter - Cluny MacPherson 1919: Avro Canada established (originally as Canadian Vickers), beginning aircraft manufacturing 1920: Marquis wheat (rust-resistant) - Charles Saunders 1921: Insulin - Frederick Banting and Charles Best 1922: Snowmobile - Joseph-Armand Bombardier 1925: Walkie-talkie - Donald Hings 1925: Electric wheelchair - George Klein 1928: de Havilland Canada established, beginning domestic aircraft manufacturing 1930: Electron microscope - James Hillier and Albert Prebus 1932: Pacemaker - John Hopps 1932: Alkaline battery - Lewis Urry 1934: Road line painting machine - Percy Shaw 1937: Caulking gun - Theodore Witte 1938: Snow blower - Arthur Sicard 1939: Anti-G suit for pilots - Wilbur Franks 1940: Crash position indicator (aircraft "black box") - Harry Stevinson 1942: L'Auto-Neige Bombardier Limited (later Bombardier Inc.) begins commercial production of snowmobiles 1945: ZEEP (Zero Energy Experimental Pile) - first nuclear reactor outside US 1946: Electric organ - Leslie Hill 1946: Canadair established (later became part of Bombardier), manufacturing aircraft 1948: Telephone answering machine - inventions by Bell Canada 1949: Avro Canada begins CF-100 Canuck jet fighter production 1950: Cesium atomic clock - National Research Council 1950: Canola - Baldur Stefansson and Keith Downey 1950: Cobalt-60 radiation therapy - Harold Johns 1950: Snowmobile (modern) - Joseph-Armand Bombardier (Ski-Doo) 1950: Heart pacemaker (external) - Wilfred Bigelow and John Callaghan 1951: STEM microscope - James Hillier 1952: Plastic garbage bag - Harry Wasylyk and Larry Hansen 1953: Cardiac pacemaker (internal) - John Hopps 1954: CANDU nuclear reactor design - Atomic Energy of Canada 1957: Kerimid 601 (heat-resistant polymer) - Geoffrey Guymer 1958: Hydrofoil boat - Alexander Graham Bell and Casey Baldwin 1958: COBOL programming language - Grace Hopper (with Canadian team members) 1959: UTDC (Urban Transportation Development Corporation) established to manufacture transit vehicles 1963: Instant mashed potatoes - Edward Asselbergs 1963: Motorized wheelchair (electric) - George Klein 1963: First geosynchronous satellite (concept) - John H. Chapman 1968: IMAX film format - Graeme Ferguson, Roman Kroitor, and Robert Kerr 1969: Wonderbra - Louise Poirier for Canadian Lady Corset Company 1969: Canadarm (space shuttle robotic arm) - SPAR Aerospace 1970: Pablum (improved formula) - Hospital for Sick Children team 1971: Telephone touch-tone system - Bell Canada 1971: Retractable airplane stairs - George Burnell Beaton 1972: Pacemaker technology improvements - John Hopps 1973: Computerized braille - Roland Galarneau 1974: Bombardier begins rail vehicle manufacturing (after acquiring MLW-Worthington) 1974: Fibre optics developments - Northern Electric (Nortel) 1975: SMART Board interactive whiteboard - SMART Technologies 1978: McIntosh apple - John McIntosh 1979: Wheelchair-accessible bus - Walter Callow 1980: Digital Sampling Synthesizer - Sydney Alonso and Cameron Jones 1982: Yukon Gold potato - Gary Johnston 1983: Blackberry smartphone - Research In Motion (RIM) 1984: Java programming language - James Gosling 1984: Canadair Challenger business jet enters production 1985: Ambulatory blood pressure monitor - Halifax Infirmary team 1986: Cardiac stent - Julio Palmaz and Richard Schatz 1986: Bombardier acquires Canadair, expanding aircraft manufacturing 1987: Neurochip - Nahum Sonenberg 1989: CADPAT (Canadian Disruptive Pattern) - first digital camouflage 1989: Bombardier introduces CRJ regional jet series 1992: Bombardier acquires de Havilland Canada, further expanding aircraft manufacturing 1994: Cryptographic key recovery - Entrust 1994: Telerobotic surgery systems - engineering team at McGill 1995: Cochlear implant improvements - University of Toronto 1996: Hepatitis B vaccine - University of Toronto/Connaught Laboratories 1998: Fetal heart monitoring systems - Winnipeg's Research Facility 1999: NeXT Computer - partial development by Waterloo team 2000: Artificial cardiac valve - Dr. Tirone David 2001: Electric car charging stations network - Hydro-Québec 2003: Nanopore sequencing (early developments) - University of British Columbia 2004: Quantum cryptography systems - University of Toronto 2005: CFL light bulb improvements - GE Canada 2006: Polymer banknotes (modernized) - Bank of Canada 2007: Multi-touch input technology - University of Toronto 2008: T5 phage - Felix d'Herelle 2008: Bombardier C Series aircraft program launched (later became Airbus A220) 2009: cystic fibrosis gene therapy - researchers at Hospital for Sick Children 2010: Transparent aluminum - University of Alberta 2011: Biofuel from agricultural waste - Iogen 2012: Quantum computer development - D-Wave Systems 2013: Carbon capture technology - Carbon Engineering 2014: Ebola vaccine - Public Health Agency of Canada 2015: Nanomedicine drug delivery systems - Canadian Institute of Health Research 2016: Self-healing metals - University of Toronto 2017: Artificial intelligence advances - Geoffrey Hinton's team at University of Toronto 2018: Deep learning and neural networks - Yoshua Bengio's team at University of Montreal 2019: Recyclable carbon fiber - University of British Columbia 2020: COVID-19 vaccine research contributions - Multiple Canadian institutions 2020: Lion Electric begins manufacturing electric buses and trucks in Quebec 2021: Quantum-resistant encryption - University of Waterloo 2022: Biodegradable plastics from waste - Carbios/McGill University 2023: Machine learning for climate modeling - University of Victoria 2024: Advanced neural interface technology - McGill/University of Toronto

A couple reflections on the quantum computing breakthrough we just announced... Most of us grew up learning there are three main types of matter that matter: solid, liquid, and gas. Today, that changed. After a nearly 20 year pursuit, we’ve created an entirely new state of matter, unlocked by a new class of materials, topoconductors, that enable a fundamental leap in computing. It powers Majorana 1, the first quantum processing unit built on a topological core. We believe this breakthrough will allow us to create a truly meaningful quantum computer not in decades, as some have predicted, but in years. The qubits created with topoconductors are faster, more reliable, and smaller. They are 1/100th of a millimeter, meaning we now have a clear path to a million-qubit processor. Imagine a chip that can fit in the palm of your hand yet is capable of solving problems that even all the computers on Earth today combined could not! Sometimes researchers have to work on things for decades to make progress possible. It takes patience and persistence to have big impact in the world. And I am glad we get the opportunity to do just that at Microsoft. This is our focus: When productivity rises, economies grow faster, benefiting every sector and every corner of the globe. It’s not about hyping tech; it’s about building technology that truly serves the world.

Co-founder of Andreessen Horowitz: Nobody Cares

BREAKING: @FerootSecurity found obfuscated code in DeepSeek (US's #1 AI app) connecting to China Mobile - a state telecom BANNED in the US over national security! Think TikTok was bad? DeepSeek users are feeding sensitive business data & personal info directly into their AI. 🤯 Huge thanks to @AP for their incredible investigative journalism on protecting privacy and security. Their commitment to exposing privacy & security risks keeps Americans safer. 🙏 Four Key takeaways: 1/4 Our team discovered hidden code in DeepSeek's login page. When decoded, it reveals direct ties to China Mobile - a company the US govt banned for national security risks. 2/4 Unlike TikTok's videos, DeepSeek's users are more likely to let it analyze business docs, see corporate secrets, business strategies & personal data. The national security implications are big and stakes are high. 3/4 China Mobile = previously sanctioned by US govt for ties to Chinese military. Now they can potentially get access to Americans' data. 4/4 Shout out to @AP's investigative team for verifying our findings and bringing this to light. Read their full article: apnews.com/article/deepse… RT 🔄 #CyberSecurity #AI #TechNews #PrivacyMatters

We’re excited to announce that we’ve raised a $21.8M Series A! Our team has made incredible technical breakthroughs and this round will help accelerate us toward our first product – the world’s first non-invasive glucose monitor techcrunch.com/2024/09/22/syn…

@Andercot Step 0.5: talk to @suzannegildert who is working on solving this.

I've been working on a startup. Here's the master plan: Step One: Develop a unified theory of consciousness and reality which explains the observer paradox and resolves the Copenhagen and Everettian interpretation of quantum mechanics. Use it to sell merch. Step Two: Leverage this theory as a competitive moat in bootstrapping an events and media production company. Step Three: Roll media and events to develop momentum for a political campaign to legalize Hydrogen, ushering in the age of Airships. Step Four: Develop wizard powers to predict the future and manipulate reality to become the highest performing VC fund in history (under an LLC) Step Five: Reinvest profits into a world class nightclub with secret underground physics laboratory that produces high purity LK99. Step Six: Construct a non invasive BCI that uses superconducting wire to reconstruct a person's thoughts via the holographic principle, use this to unlock the secrets of the universe and guide humanity to the stars Step Seven: Know all there is to know, transcend the material plane and collapse into a black hole to start a new universe. I'm actually on step two, not sure how long the others will take. At least a few decades. 🤷‍♂️

This diagram from a book written in 1984 has more or less been rediscovered by hundreds of phd students over the last year and something about that is very sad

Applications are open for batch 3 of aigrant.com for pre-seed and seed-stage companies building AI products! Deadline is Feb 16. As an experiment, this batch we are offering the option of either receiving $250k on an uncapped note, or $2.5M at a $25M cap.

A Powerful Partnership: HumanFirst Teams Up with Google Cloud to Boost Data Productivity, Custom AI Prompts and Models humanfirst.ai/blog/a-powerfu…

In 1974, author Ray Bradbury was asked, “What is space travel going to do for man?” In response, he gave the most mystical, mind-blowing, and strangely moving answer I could have imagined.

@alexandernorman For fantasy, Brandon Sanderson’s worlds are fantastic. goodreads.com/series/49075-t…

Any book recommendations? Looking for good science fiction or fantasy right now.

@maxtremaine @alexandernorman ☝️

@alexandernorman Can’t go wrong with the Culture Series a.co/d/a6XKMyE

Win or lose, respect to @elonmusk for being the man in the arena

[Hey Yishan, you used to run Reddit, ] How do you solve the content moderation problems on Twitter? (Repeated 5x in two days) Okay, here are my thoughts: (1/nnn)

Ok so I downloaded all ~322 episodes of @lexfridman podcast and used OpenAI Whisper to transcribe them. I'm hosting the transcriptions on... "Lexicap" ;) : karpathy.ai/lexicap. Raw vtt transcripts are included for anyone else who'd like to play (they are quite great!)

Last week we held the largest CMO gathering ever at @Saastr. 80+ CMOs shared notes on growing their companies in the new macro environment. Here are 10 valuable lessons shared behind closed doors:

Thrilled to be investing $10M with @danielgross in AI Grant to support the new wave of founders building AI-first products. Apply now at aigrant.org!