ılı(Magyar)ılı

The picture doesn't capture the economic and productive superiority of empires like the Baburids, the Baburids accounted for roughly 25% of global GDP, making them the world's largest economy at the time. Baburids dominated global manufacturing and trade, especially in textiles.

You must understand that the likes of Ottoman, Seljuk and Safavid sultanates were by no means impressive according to the Indo-Muslim standards. Let me explain: In 1527–28, the Ottoman Empire spanned a landmass of about 3 million km² and yielded a revenue and tribute of 537.9 million akçe (≈ £9.96 million). At the same time, the Muzaffarid Sultanate (~350,000 km²), just one of the 7-8 major Indo-Muslim polities, yielded £6.79 million in crown revenue and £7.7 million in tribute, totalling £14.49 million. By 1683, the Ottoman Empire had reached its territorial peak with a landmass of 5.2 million km², a population of 28 million, and a revenue & tribute of 12 million ducats (≈126 million livres). At the same time, Indo-Muslim polities were spread over roughly 3.7 million km², but commanded a population of about 130 million. Remarkably, just 4 out of 20+ provincial divisions (Agra, Delhi, Gujarat, Bijapur) alone yielded a combined revenue of 152 million livres. Let us go further back. Take the example of Malik Maqbul Tilangani, the wazir (prime minister) from 1351–1370, and effectively the sole supreme administrator of the Delhi Sultanate. He drew a salary of 13 lakh silver tankas (≈15.6 million Persian dirhams) per annum. This was equivalent to about 87% of the annual revenue of Mesopotamia (~400,000 km²), which stood at roughly 3 million dinar-e rayidj (≈18 million Persian dirhams). Moving forward, in 1806, the Iranian monarch Fath-Ali Shah Qajar ruled over a landmass of about 930,000 km² and drew a revenue of £1,527,702. In 1791, Nawab Fateh Ali Khan Bahadur, just one among many Nawabs, governed a territory of about 250,000 km², with revenues amounting to £2,749,269. Let us move further to the era of Riyasati Amal (princely states era). Iran’s revenue under Reza Shah was 246 million rials in 1925–26, rising to 3,160 million rials in 1940–41. By comparison, the combined revenue of just four Indian Muslim princely states (Hyderabad, Bhopal, Junagadh, and Rampur) amounted to approximately 60,070 million rials in 1939–40. In conclusion, Indo-Muslim polities not only generated significantly larger revenues, were incomparably lavish but also governed and dealt with a far greater population base. At its peak, the Ottoman Empire administered roughly 21% (about 1/5th) of the population scale managed by Indo-Muslim polities. Given this comparison, one can reasonably infer the relatively smaller scale of entities like the Safavid Empire and the Seljuk Empire, which were considerably more limited in scope. There is simply no meaningful comparison between any other Islamicate sphere and the Indo-Islamicate world in terms of scale, revenue, and demographic reach.

Today in the year 1081, Alexios I Komnenos ascends to the throne of the Eastern Roman Empire. What follows are 100 years known as the "Komnenian Restoration". This would be a significant, but final apex of the Empire's power and influence.

A shameless attempt to recycle Turkish propaganda by portraying Turkey as needing “to protect itself”. The same country with irredentist claims over Greek Islands, a standing casus belli against Greece, a full army deployed opposite those islands, and illegal occupations in Cyprus, Syria, and Iraq, now suddenly claiming to feel threatened by defensive anti-missile systems. Have some shame.

It is quite revealing that the Islamic Republic of Iran has not attacked Turkey with missiles or drones, where the huge Incirlik Air Base that hosts major US Air Force assets is based, nor did it strike Azerbaijan, which has close military ties with Israel and has a massive amount of Israeli intelligence stations and agents based there. Perhaps Tehran is worried about Turkey being part of NATO and the risk of triggering Article 5, which necessitates collective defense, in addition to Turkey’s powerful military that could carry out aerial and land attacks against Iranian territory. Some have speculated that the Iranian regime’s targeting of Gulf nations is partially nationalistic and ideological in nature, viewing Arabs as inferior politically and militarily, while Turkey is in a league of its own, and Azerbaijan is a majority Shia-Muslim country. Regardless, it appears that even amidst its most serious existential crisis, the Iranian regime understands the risks of hitting countries that are backed by effective and reputable defense pacts and blocs, highlighting just how much the Islamic Republic only fears and respects force and power, not appeasement and acquiescence.

Iran did not strike U.S. bases in Türkiye because nearly half a million Turkish soldiers are positioned along the border and could reach Tehran within days. Türkiye knows how to impose respect and how to deter escalation before it begins.