Toni Garcia Hurtado

@aniketos0 Epigraphy in classical numismatics is not an isolated element of design; it forms part of a broader discourse, integrated into the visual narrative. The shapes of the feet, the arms, the objects held in the hands—everything comes together to construct a coherent narrative.

The Alexander the Great decadrachm made 460,000 Swiss Francs or $584,000 at auction today. I expect that's a record for one of these🤑🤑🤑

@archaeologyart דאיב, to flow, drip. If the alphabet and language are confused, the study of epigraphy is meaningless.

In this Roman mosaic, the Greek phrase for 'know thyself' is written beneath the skeleton figure. The mosaic once decorated the floor of a tomb on the Via Appia in Rome. It was discovered in 1865 near Santa Maria Nova, in the vicinity of the Villa dei Quintili. Dating back to the 2nd century AD, the artwork is currently on display in the Terme di Diocleziano section of the Museo Nazionale Romano. The inscription at the bottom, ΓΝΩΘΙ ϹΑΥΤΟΝ, is the Greek phrase γνῶθι σαυτόν, or gnōthi sauton. It translates to 'know thyself.' This saying was one of the ancient maxims associated with the Temple of Apollo at Delphi. In a Roman context, this phrase didn't just mean knowing your character. It also carried another meaning: know your limits, know that you're human, and know that you're mortal. That's why the reclining posture of the skeleton is significant. Resting against a cushion, the figure evokes the tradition of reclining that we recognize from Roman banquet scenes. However, this mosaic doesn't come from a dining room, but from a tomb setting on the Via Appia. The concept of death wasn't foreign to Roman banquet and dining culture, either. Two silver goblets adorned with skeletons from the Boscoreale treasure serve as a similar reminder: conveying to the drinker that life's short and death is inevitable... There's no lengthy text on this mosaic. The message is direct: to know thyself is also to know that you're mortal.

@paul_jkrause The deliberate misrepresentation of Coptic literature by the English monarchy reveals the antisemitic drift of Cambridge and Oxford universities. Contempt for human literature is a constant in the Vatican and the English monarchy.

Literature is theology, the first theology. Literature is philosophy, the first philosophy. Vico understood this. He's great. Reading Vico is a treat to all literature lovers. He integrates humanity, theology, and philosophy through art.

@RealHellenist The attempt to conflate the epigraphy & literature of ancient Greece clashes with Semitic reality. The propaganda of Cambridge university reveals their ideological drift by denying Hebrew culture in Europe. Their hatred of Hebrew culture only demonstrates the lack of ethics

Alexander the Great Sacrifices to the Spirit of Achilles at Troy

@paul_jkrause The attempt to conflate the epigraphy and literature of ancient Greece clashes with Semitic reality. The propaganda of Cambridge and Oxford universities demonstrates its ideological drift by denying Hebrew culture in Europe.

Euripides is the dramatist of empathy. He takes the losers of the Trojan War and focuses on them. He also warns, without empathy, the vanquished will seek revenge.

@Scholars_Stage Papyrus 114, hebrew transliteration. Attempting to translate a Semitic text by confusing the phonetic values ​​of the alphabet and the direction of reading is a serious mistake.

This is my favorite Iliad translation -- the one I find most edifying. amzn.to/4nPRJhx

@AntoniusTetrax Vergilius Vaticanus 136 v. Now we are equipped with the tools that allow us to understand the content of the classical literature of the Holy Roman Empire and recognize that its language should be considered Hebrew, not Latin.

I once had an idea about the 7th Eclogue of Virgil that I don't see in the usual commentaries. Today I learned the point was basically made in the 17th century by La Cerda… Feel like having missed so much from not reading early modern scholarship on classical authors.

@AntoniusTetrax If one wishes to read a text by Virgil, one must understand the Semitic values of his alphabet. To rely on the interpretation of the Vatican or Cambridge & Oxford, from the English monarchy in the late Middle Ages, one must investigate the ideology of these powerful institutions.

@AntoniusTetrax "יטפ סלעא", sitting on a rock. There is a difference between Old Latin & Latin. Although their alphabets resemble each other, they are not the same & even though they share a similar format, they express different phonetic values. Also,reading direction is Semitic in Old Latin .

@DAMendelsohnNYC Interpreting Odyssey as fantasy literature, with gods, characters & impossible stories, obscures the true nature of this treatise on jurisprudence. For example, in this case, we see a law prohibiting the application of the death penalty by hanging to those guilty of theft.

#NightThoughtsOfAHomerTranslator, 4: One of the most notorious "problem words" in the #Odyssey occurs in Book 1, line 29--the moment the action gets under way. Zeus complains that mortals always "blame the gods" for their ills when in fact it's their own deeds that doom them...

@DAMendelsohnNYC To transliterate supposedly "Greek" literature, we must consider the actual phonetic values ​​of its alphabet & also the Semitic nature of its language. That is, the reading direction is from right to left. We must not repeat the mistake made by Cambridge in the late Middle Ages.

@DAMendelsohnNYC A large part of classical "Greek" literature resulted from the transliteration of Coptic literature from Egypt into this new alphabet. In other words, an error in the phonetic values ​​of the Coptic alphabet inevitably leads to an error ​​of the alphabet in "Greek" literature.

@DAMendelsohnNYC One of the problems in transliteration is the diacritics, here lamed, "/", on sin; double ayin ".." on zade, and taw, "T" on ayin. This resource served to reduce the length of the writings given the scarcity of the physical material, papyrus.

@HeraklesCithare Artemis whit lowered torches, square transliteration. She seems agitated because of her period.

Artémis est célèbre pour être déesse de la chasse, mais elle possède bien d’autres fonctions et attributs… les connaissez-vous ?

@jennfrey The care of pregnant women was a primary focus of Coptic culture, as their writings reveal. More than laws, it was customs that facilitated the birth of the next generation.

"when human dignity is threatened by new forms of dehumanization, ours is the pressing duty to remain profoundly human. We must lovingly safeguard the grandeur of humanity bestowed upon us and revealed in its fullness in Christ, the splendor of which no machine can ever replace"

@TheGreatB00ks @GregMcBrayer3 Hebrew jurisprudence was of great interest to European elites. In this case, it prohibited hanging those guilty of theft, a significant advance for its time. Cambridge's interpretation of the alphabet shows the ideological drift of the English monarchy.

How Odysseus discovered philosophy... The great @GregMcBrayer3 explains how a simple passage in the Odyssey reveals Odysseus to be the first philosopher.

@AtlasNarratives Greek jurisprudence was of great interest to European elites. In this case, it prohibited hanging for those guilty of theft, a significant advance for its time.

15th-century Greek manuscript of Homer’s Iliad, produced by the Greek scribe and calligrapher Iōannes Rhosos

@CMaclean96 Hadrian Aureus, Modern square transliteration

A gold aureus of Emperor Hadrian that was minted sometime between AD 128 & 129. This gives an idea of the high relief (extent to which a design rises above the flat surface) of Roman coins of the period. This example is from the collection of The Hunterian.

@clasicasIEDA Opium was used in ancient times to alleviate menstrual pain. The image of the woman with the owl relates to the woman's physical and emotional state, and the owl also serves as protection for the woman during her isolation, shielding her from snakes, etc., during this period.

Atenea con mochuelo, búho o lechuza. 🦉 γλαυκῶπις

@AlexandraSoro Bronze Apollo whit lyre, Hebrew reading left arm & hand. עקב זרוע ק הלירא גח יד חת ימץ

"Apollo of the Tiber" 🏛️🌹 Roman marble copy after a Greek original, ca. 450 BC. Classical sculpture.