Mike Hapgood

324 posts

Mike Hapgood

Mike Hapgood

@space_weather

Space weather scientist building links with user community. Putting meaning into impact.

Oxfordshire Katılım Nisan 2009
53 Takip Edilen1.1K Takipçiler
Mike Hapgood retweetledi
ESA Cluster
ESA Cluster@ESA_Cluster·
Right about now, Cluster's Salsa satellite is taking the plunge into Earth's atmosphere. Farewell, Salsa! Thank you for your service!🫡
ESA Cluster tweet media
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Mike Hapgood
Mike Hapgood@space_weather·
A grand finale for a wonderful scientific mission. First proposed to ESA in 1982, it was finally launched in 2000 and has delivered a wealth of science over the past 24 years.
RAL Space@RAL_Space_STFC

☀️🌍After 24 years in space, the first of 4 satellites making up @ESA_Cluster is set to re-enter Earth's atmosphere this Sunday. We spoke to Anne from our satellite operations team about our involvement in the mission and how the team is feeling ahead of Cluster's grand finale👇

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Mike Hapgood
Mike Hapgood@space_weather·
Evidence from the archives adds to our understanding of extreme geomagnetic storms: just published, a new analysis of the extreme space weather events of 1872 February: doi.org/10.3847/1538-4… via @AAS_Publishing
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Mike Hapgood
Mike Hapgood@space_weather·
Space weather is complex, just like normal weather. It's important to understand which weather feature causes which problems.
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Mike Hapgood
Mike Hapgood@space_weather·
Sadly much of the media commentary on the new paper confuses radiation storms with geomagnetic storms, and rambles off into an inappropriate discussion of risks to power grids.
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Mike Hapgood
Mike Hapgood@space_weather·
This evidence helps us assess the risk from severe radiation storms that can affect electronic systems, not just in space, but also on aircraft and the ground.
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Mike Hapgood
Mike Hapgood@space_weather·
Published today, the new UK strategy on preparedness for severe space weather, a plan to advance understanding and resilience, and to be ready to respond. gov.uk/government/pub…
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Mike Hapgood
Mike Hapgood@space_weather·
@DoomsdayDebunks @sangeetha_a_j It's certainly the case that electric fields of 10 to 20 V/km have been estimated from effects during very intense storms. But these will be localised over spatial scales of 100s of km. I don't see any process to sustain such large fields across a wide ocean.
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Mike Hapgood
Mike Hapgood@space_weather·
@DoomsdayDebunks Yes, that's the explanation. As best I can see the idea of currents ~100 A comes from reports of the currents seen in electricity transmission lines, which do have such low resistances. But those lines can carry 1000s of amps safely.
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Robert Walker BSc, fact checker for scared people
@space_weather Q (short summary): main difference between your prediction & paper seems to be the current, 100s of mAs for you, 100 - 130 A in paper. Her cite for 100 - 130 A is for cables with resistance of 0.00134 ohms / km instead of 0.8 ohms / km. So, does this explain the discrepancy?
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Mike Hapgood
Mike Hapgood@space_weather·
@DoomsdayDebunks 8/ I don't have details but expect that the power systems on undersea cables can handle induced voltages of several kV and GIC of 100s of mA. The 1961 paper I cite above outlines how this was mitigated even 60 years ago.
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Mike Hapgood
Mike Hapgood@space_weather·
@DoomsdayDebunks 7/ Given typical electrical characteristics of the circuits in these cables (e.g. the 0.8 Ohms per km cited in the Sigcomm21 paper), this suggests the extra current (GIC) will be a few hundred milliamps.
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