William Tomos Edwards

@Tatsuya9JP @Sulkalmakh I thought some studies detected ANE in the Ainu? And I'm aware the ANE people had significant East Asian style ancestry (Tianyan), contrary to what many say. It would seem that the Yamnaya "Easternized" Europeans...

@WilliamTomosEd1 @Sulkalmakh There is no evidence for any ANE ancestry among Ainu, except the little amount via minor APS geneflow. Every Native American has more ANE, and ANE is not "Caucasoid" per se; except sharing around 65% UP_Europe-like ancestry (remainder 35% being Tianyuan-like).

Facial reconstruction of a 2,700-year-old man from Japan The Jōmon period (c. 14,000–300 BC) in Japan was marked by a population of hunter-gatherers and early agriculturalists connected by a shared culture, which developed significant sedentism and social complexity. The culture is known for its pottery with cord impressions, as well as bone, stone, shell, and antler tools, figurines, and lacquerware. The period is divided into several phases. By the Final Jōmon (around 900 BC), western Japan experienced increasing contact with settlers from the Korean Peninsula, who introduced wet rice farming, bronze and iron technology, and new pottery styles. After 300 BC, the Yayoi culture spread across most of Japan, while the Jōmon tradition persisted in Hokkaido. The Ainu are considered direct descendants of the Jōmon, retaining the highest level of Jōmon ancestry, while modern Japanese populations also carry some Jōmon genetic legacy. Morphologically and genetically, the Jōmon people were distinct from surrounding Mongolid populations, having diverged earlier.

@nrken19 Lumping Welsh/English together is stupid. No scientific basis for this; they exhibit statistically significant divergence from one another.

Charts showing admixture levels using Yamnaya/steppe, Western European Hunter Gatherer and Anatolian Neolithic Farmer for the English, Welsh, and Scottish compared to the Iron Age.

@Sulkalmakh Plenty of East Asian style DNA in Europe, and plenty of European style in Asia, it would seem. I guess Kingdom isn't wrong for portraying so many characters that look super white in the Warring States period 😅

Facial reconstruction of a 2,000-year-old, likely Tocharian man from Xinjiang, China The man’s remains come from a cemetery located in the suburbs of the city of Loulan, dating to a period slightly before the widespread adoption of Buddhism among the people of Loulan. The population of Loulan during the historical period was multi-ethnic, with the primary population being Tocharian. The Tocharians were an Indo-European people who once inhabited what is now Xinjiang. They are likely the descendants of Afanasievo-derived populations that settled in and near the Xinjiang region. By around 200 BC, Tocharian city-states had emerged around oasis centers, among which Loulan was one of the largest. These cities also functioned as key waystations along the northern branch of the Silk Road, skirting the Taklamakan Desert. Over the following centuries, control of the Tarim Basin shifted among several major powers, including the Han dynasty, the Xiongnu, the Tibetan Empire, and later the Tang dynasty. From the 8th century AD onward, Uyghur groups settled in the region and established the Kingdom of Qocho, which ruled much of the Tarim Basin. Their descendants are the modern Yugur people. Most crania from historical-period Loulan have been described as Mediterranid/Indo-Afghan/Caucasoid in anthropological literature, with one outlier. The reconstructed individual was described as follows: 35-year-old male with a large, robust skull of mesocranial type. The absolute cranial height is high, corresponding to an orthocephalic type. The forehead is clearly receding, the brow ridge and supraorbital arches are strongly protruding, and the nasal root is deeply depressed. The nasal bones are strongly prominent. The face is wide, with a high upper facial height, corresponding to a mid-face type. The horizontal facial projection is above medium, while the lateral projection is very flat. The canine fossa ranges from shallow to moderately deep. The orbits are of medium height. The anthropological type is classified as Europeoid, with morphology intermediate between the Mediterranean and Pamir-Fergana types, and may represent a variant of the Mediterranean type (Han Kangxin, 1986).

@Tatsuya9JP @Sulkalmakh The evidence is clear that they have "ancient north eurasian" in them, which is "caucasoid" for lack of a better term?

@Sulkalmakh Cool. The Jōmon represent an early stage of East Asians. They preserved their ancient East Eurasian (or Basal Asian) type, while mainland East Asians, especially Northeast Asians, underwent selective pressure and adaption. Early East Eurasians had "Australasian-like" phenotypes.

@antonydavies @JamesRHarrigan Otherwise, companies are very good at discovering the optimal salary for them to pay. Anyone who pays a higher price simply because they've been profiled by an algorithm, would certainly not pay that price if they discovered this.

@antonydavies @JamesRHarrigan This just means I won't be selling my services to a company that needs a front-end developer or graphic designer (nor should I). As for the people who may need my services, you can only really take them for a ride in so far as they lack perfect information.

@JamesRHarrigan re: your disagreement with @antonydavies on different prices for different customers. One could argue it is equivalent to fraud when you tell one customer one thing, and then another customer another. The strongest argument for James' view is a legal argument.

@antonydavies @JamesRHarrigan But just because things have different value to different people does not mean that whatever I agree to pay is the objective price for me. Poor information, poor reasoning, etc., can undermine my ability to discover the objective price for ME.

@antonydavies @JamesRHarrigan I believe there is a way to reconcile objective value with markets: (1) different things have different value to different people. (2) the whole of all the things you own is greater than the sum of its parts; a diverse portfolio matters.

@Wrexham_AFC @united Beautiful

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@JamesRHarrigan @antonydavies Not a lot of sympathy for the customer in this case, I certainly get it. But I contend this practice has no place in a modern developed country.

@antonydavies @WilliamTomosEd1 Not to make your point, @antonydavies, but... I was once a carpenter's assistant. We went to price a job, and the woman we were dealing with was just awful. I saw the business owner fold up the estimate and put it in his pocket. The next estimate was twice as much.

@JamesRHarrigan @antonydavies I'm really not sure that it's not fraud. I'm in favour of classical liberalism, not insane Darwinian, anarchic dynamics in our society.

@antonydavies @WilliamTomosEd1 It's not fraud, it's just shitty.

@antonydavies @JamesRHarrigan people are unaware they are jacking up the price, because people are in dire need of something that would normally go for a pittance. I think this would be a very rare edge case situation...

@antonydavies @JamesRHarrigan This argument mostly addresses people who are willing to pay more, due to a lack of savvy. It doesn't address people in dire need who are willing to pay more for that reason. Here, the reputational consequences are so extreme for the merchant, that they can only do this if again

@CiVLdotcom I would still argue this practice is tantamount to fraud. This is why we need a well-functioning legal system/judicial system etc.,

Is it morally acceptable for companies like Amazon to charge different prices for the same item based on your search history? Antony Davies and James R. Harrigan unpack this issue by considering the issue from both sides. Davies contends that while we resent variable pricing as consumers, we eagerly exploit it by shopping around for deals. Is this dynamic pricing unjust, or simply strategic? Share your perspective: equitable market tactic or manipulative practice?