Cosmic Carter
17 posts

Cosmic Carter
@cartercfelder
Philosophy, Psychology, Beauty, Novelty, Creation
United States Katılım Kasım 2023
2 Takip Edilen380 Takipçiler

"If all mankind minus one, were of one opinion, and only one person were of the contrary opinion, mankind would be no more justified in silencing that one person, than he, if he had the power, would be justified in silencing mankind. Were an opinion a personal possession of no value except to the owner; if to be obstructed in the enjoyment of it were simply a private injury, it would make some difference whether the injury was inflicted only on a few persons or on many. But the peculiar evil of silencing the expression of an opinion is, that it is robbing the human race; posterity as well as the existing generation; those who dissent from the opinion, still more than those who hold it. If the opinion is right, they are deprived of the opportunity of exchanging error for truth: if wrong, they lose, what is almost as great a benefit, the clearer perception and livelier impression of truth, produced by its collision with error."
- John Stuart Mill's "On Liberty" (1859), Chapter II

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Immanuel Kant's phrase "truthfulness in statements that cannot be avoided" comes from his 1797 essay "On a Supposed Right to Lie because of Philanthropic Concerns", where he responds to Benjamin Constant's critique and famously defends an absolute duty not to lie—even in extreme cases like lying to a murderer at the door to protect an innocent person. By this, Kant means that whenever a person is in a situation where they must make a statement (i.e., they cannot remain silent or evade answering without it being practically unavoidable, such as when directly questioned and compelled to respond "yea or nay"), they have a strict, formal (i.e., unconditional and exceptionless) moral duty to be truthful in what they declare. This duty is owed to everyone as a matter of respect for humanity and the moral law itself, not conditional on consequences, the listener's "right to the truth," or any potential harm (to oneself or others). Kant argues that intentionally making an untruthful statement in such unavoidable cases counts as a lie that wrongs duty in general—undermining the trustworthiness of declarations overall, eroding the foundation of rights (especially contractual ones), and harming humanity as a whole by vitiating the source of right—even if no immediate individual is juridically harmed. Thus, truthfulness here is not about volunteering information or preventing all possible deception but about never falsifying one's assertions when one cannot avoid making them, no matter the disadvantage that may result; any exception would introduce expediency and destroy the categorical nature of the moral imperative to be honest in declarations. - Grok

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Anne Brontë (1820–1849) was an English novelist and poet, the youngest of the Brontë literary family and sister to Charlotte and Emily Brontë. Born on January 17, 1820, in Thornton, Yorkshire, she spent much of her life in the parsonage at Haworth, where her father served as curate. Following the early death of her mother and two eldest sisters, Anne received some formal education at Roe Head School and later worked as a governess for several years, experiences that deeply informed her writing.
Publishing under the pseudonym Acton Bell, she contributed to the 1846 collection Poems by Currer, Ellis, and Acton Bell. Her first novel, Agnes Grey (1847), offered a realistic portrayal of the challenges faced by governesses. Her second and final novel, The Tenant of Wildfell Hall (1848), presented a groundbreaking examination of alcoholism, domestic abuse, and a woman's right to independence and separation from a destructive marriage—earning recognition as an early and influential work in feminist literature.
Anne Brontë died of tuberculosis on May 28, 1849, at the age of 29, in Scarborough. Though often overshadowed by her sisters during her lifetime and in subsequent decades, her works are now valued for their moral clarity, social critique, and psychological insight.
- Grok

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