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Colombia has declared its entire Amazon biome a reserve zone for renewable natural resources, effectively banning any new oil exploration, hydrocarbon production, or large-scale mining projects in the region.
Colombia has declared its entire Amazon biome a reserve zone for renewable natural resources, effectively banning any new oil exploration, hydrocarbon production, or large-scale mining projects in the region.
The protected area spans approximately 483,000 square kilometers about the size of Sweden and represents 42% of Colombia’s continental territory, covering roughly 7% of the entire Amazon rainforest basin.
Announced during COP30 in Brazil, the decision makes Colombia the first Amazonian country to protect its entire share of the rainforest from new extractive industrial activities. The policy halts dozens of pending concessions, including 43 oil blocks and hundreds of mining requests that had not yet begun operations.
By prioritizing ecosystem preservation over fossil fuel and mineral extraction, the measure aims to reduce deforestation, protect biodiversity, and maintain the Amazon’s crucial role in global climate regulation through carbon storage and water cycle stability.
The initiative, introduced under the Petro administration, reflects a shift toward sustainable development and could set a precedent for other Amazon nations facing similar pressures from resource extraction.
Environmental advocates consider it one of the most significant conservation victories in recent history, safeguarding vital ecosystems and Indigenous territories while contributing to global climate protection.

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