Sameer Raniga

Most people (including plenty of radiologists) misunderstand "resolution" in medical imaging, and the recent @midjourney debate hasn't helped. What resolution actually is, why your scanner's limit is set on day one, and the limit set by a Swedish-American named Nyquist 🧵1/10.

Excited to be speaking at the Radiopaedia 2026 Annual Meeting. My session is on “Pelvic Vascular Trauma imaging”, where I'll share a practical CT approach to answering the questions that matter most in the trauma bay: • Where is the bleeding? • Which vessel is most likely injured? • What should happen next? The session introduces a simple 3B approach that integrates Blood, Bones, and Blush to localize hemorrhage, predict the injured vascular territory, and guide management. This year's meeting brings together 56 international speakers, multiple parallel sessions, hands-on workshops, anatomy reviews, panel discussions, rPosters, and more than 14,000 delegates from around the world. Looking forward to learning alongside colleagues from around the world. Dates: 16 to 21 July 2026 Online and worldwide with free access in 125 countries. Register here: #register" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">radiopaedia.org/courses/radiop… Here's a sneak peek at a few slides from my talk. @Radiopaedia @thexraydoctor @DrAndrewDixon @teachplaygrub @daniel_gewolb

Don’t overcall anterior cervical fragment an "osteophyte fracture." This lateral cervical radiograph illustrates a common reporting pitfall. At first glance, the anterior triangular ossicles could be mistaken for fractured osteophytes. However, • They are well corticated. • They have a typical location within the anterior annulus/anterior longitudinal ligament. • There are no accompanying signs of acute injury. These are degenerative intercalary (intercalated) ossicles, often related to annular calcification or chronic ossification, not acute fractures. The diagnosis of an acute fracture should be supported by evidence of acute injury, such as cortical disruption (donor site from vertebra), prevertebral soft tissue swelling, associated vertebral or disc injury, or marrow edema on MRI.

Quiz: Linear radiopaque material tracking along both sides of the skull on CT. What is it? Answer: Post-procedural changes from middle meningeal artery embolization for chronic subdural hematoma. Why we do it •Chronic subdural hematoma is not just “old blood.” •It is a biologically active membrane disease. •Outer neomembrane develops along the dura. •It is vascular, fragile, and fed largely by branches of the middle meningeal artery. •Recurrent microbleeds and exudation maintain or enlarge the collection. •Embolization shuts this supply → less rebleeding → lower recurrence. Where it fits clinically •Adjunct to burr-hole evacuation to reduce recurrence •Standalone in selected patients (mild symptoms, high surgical risk) •Recurrent or bilateral chronic SDH •Increasing use with growing evidence, but still evolving practice patterns —Pearls, pitfalls and wisdom from my reporting list

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In thalassemia major, SWI can show prominent susceptibility within the choroid plexus, reflecting iron deposition. Seen at: • Lateral ventricles • Roof of 3rd ventricle • Roof of 4th ventricle and foramen of Luschka Also note: • Diploic space widening • Diffuse low T1 marrow signal (marrow hyperplasia) Correlation with systemic iron overload is essential. —Pearls, pitfalls and wisdom from my reporting list

“Hair-on-end” skull: X-ray and CT correlation X-ray •Widened diploic space •Vertical radiating trabeculae •“Hair-on-end” appearance CT sagittal: •Expanded diploic space •Coarse, thickened trabeculae •Perpendicular orientation •Intervening low-density marrow CT axial: expanded marrow spaces with intervening thickened trabeculae looks like a sponge 🧽 Think •Marrow hyperplasia from chronic anemia •Most often thalassemia major •Less likely due to sickle cell and other chronic hemolytic states —Classic signs from my reporting list

Papilledema on CT. Look for subtle posterior globe flattening. In the right context, think raised intracranial pressure. And don’t stop there. Ask why. One important cause you don’t want to miss is cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST). Especially when the brain parenchyma still looks deceptively normal. —Pearls, pitfalls and wisdom from my reporting list

@aditya_gan3500 Evolving batwing. Interstitial + early consolidation

@samrad77 Its a batwing

All three Kerley lines in one image! B lines at the bases. Millimeteters in length. A lines from the hilum. Centimeters in length. C lines as a fine reticular pattern. This is interstitial edema in full display. Plain radiographs still teach you how disease evolves. What a treat to interpret plain radiographs! —my reporting list

AP chest: Right heart border absent. No part of the heart lies to the right of the spine. Middle lobe disease or chest wall deformity? Lateral view: Depressed sternum. Diagnosis: Pectus excavatum. Wisdom: Absent right heart border with leftward shift, think chest wall before lung. —Nothing fancy today

@Cookie169Monste I agree! But today we did this FLAIR 3D sagittal for a patient with suspected demyelination and one of my trainees pointed out this! He flagged it as abnormal. I just thought of putting it as a reminder!

@samrad77 No one assesses it on FLAIR I guess

Posterior pituitary bright spot. It is a T1 finding. Often not seen on FLAIR. So absence on FLAIR does not mean true absence. Pearl: Judge it on T1. Pitfall: Calling it absent on FLAIR. —Today’s reporting list

79/M. Left otitis media with left facial palsy and hearing loss. In suspected malignant otitis externa (skull base osteomyelitis), the earliest clue is often not bone. It is loss of normal fat. Subtle asymmetry. Blurring of intermuscular planes. Fat disappearing where it should be crisp. Around the stylomastoid foramen.Within the masticator space. Along the skull base. Easy to overlook. Easy to dismiss. By the time bone is destroyed, you are already late. Reporting pearl: Loss of deep skull base fat planes should be considered skull base osteomyelitis until proven otherwise, even if the bone looks intact. —Pearls, pitfalls and wisdom from today’s reporting list

As William Shakespeare said, “beauty is in the eye of the beholder”. Love, just like beauty, is also in the eye of the beholder. 🙃 —From my heartful ❤️reporting list.

A child with neck pain, swelling and fever Prevertebral soft tissue widening on lateral view: Think retropharyngeal infection. Head tilt with rotation on AP view: Think fixed torticollis. Put them together. Consider Grisel syndrome: Retropharyngeal inflammation + fixed torticollis. What next: urgent CT neck with contrast to look for retropharyngeal injection and atlantoaxial rotatory fixation. Wisdom: If you see fixed torticollis, check the retropharyngeal soft tissues. If you see retropharyngeal soft tissue widening, assess atlantoaxial alignment. —Pearls, Pitfalls, and Wisdom from my reporting list

@lorenzo_masci CPPD can absolutely be symptomatic, but in this case the focal amorphous FCU calcification with surrounding edema fits active HADD better than incidental TFCC chondrocalcinosis.

@samrad77 CPPD is often associated with pseudogout - which can cause acute joint synovitis

65-year-old man with acute ulnar-sided wrist pain. Referred from the ER to rule out fracture. X-ray shows an amorphous (cloud-like) calcification just proximal to the pisiform, with adjacent soft tissue swelling. This is typical of calcific tendinosis of the flexor carpi ulnaris tendon insertion, due to Hydroxyapatite Deposition Disease (HADD). Often presents with acute, severe pain when the deposits becomes inflamed (resorptive phase). No cortical break, no true fracture fragment In the same patient, there is a separate, sharp linear subtle calcification in the triangular fibrocartilage complex (chondrocalcinosis) , consistent with Calcium Pyrophosphate Deposition Disease-(CPPD). Do not mix the two: •HADD (FCU) → amorphous, cloud-like, peri-tendinous. •CPPD (TFCC) → thin, linear, cartilage-based. Both can coexist. The painful one is usually HADD. CPPD is often incidental. — Pearls, pitfalls and wisdom from today’s reporting list