Throttleup
128 posts
Almost every part of Starship V3 is different from V2
Dima Zeniuk@DimaZeniuk
Starship Flight 12 goals: • Debut next-generation Starship and Super Heavy vehicles • First launch from Starbase’s newly redesigned launch pad • Demonstrate upgraded Raptor engines in flight • Deploy 20 Starlink simulators and 2 modified Starlink satellites • Test in-space Raptor relight • Evaluate heat shield performance and tile damage scenarios during reentry • Perform experimental reentry and maneuvering tests • Offshore splashdown attempt for the redesigned Super Heavy booster
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Starbase’s Pad 2 completed a water deluge system test as preparations continue for future Starship launches at Starbase.
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@MatthewCappucci Matt, I so appreciate your honesty. You... will learn and we will be better for it.
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What a HORRIBLE forecast by meteorologists – especially myself.
Not only were we spectacularly wrong – we communicated poorly.
It became apparent last night that some of our initial expectations would prove fallacious.
I'd like to address what went wrong with our forecast:
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🚨BREAKING: SecDef Pete Hegseth stares right at the press and goes scorched earth, spelling out their insanity. I could watch this all day.
"You, and I mean specifically YOU, the press, you cheer against Trump so hard, it's in your DNA and in your blood to cheer against Trump, because you want him not to be successful so bad, you have to cheer against the efficacy of these strikes. You have to hope maybe they weren't effective."
"Maybe the way the Trump administration is representative isn't true. So let's take half truths, spun information, leaked information, and then spin it, spin it in every way we can to try to cause doubt and manipulate the mind, the public mind, over whether or not our brave pilots were successful."
"How many stories have been written about how hard it is to, I don't know, fly a plane for 36 hours? Has MSNBC done that story? Has Fox? Have we done the story how hard that is?"
"There are so many aspects of what our brave men and women did that because of the hatred of this press corps are undermined because people are trying to leak and spin that it wasn't successful. It's irresponsible."
"You're undermining the success of incredible B-2 pilots and incredible F-35 pilots and incredible refuelers and incredible air defenders who accomplished their mission."
"How about we talk about how special America is, that only we have these capabilities? I think it's too much to ask, unfortunately, for the fake news. So we're used to that."
Do you firmly support Pete Hegseth on this?
A. Huge Yes
B. No
IF Yes, Give me a THUMBS-UP👍!!
MAKE THIS GO VIRAL ON 𝕏. LET’S GO 👏
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🚨BREAKING: Senator Ted Cruz has come out in support of President Trump awarding legendary economist Thomas Sowell, 94, the Presidential Medal of Freedom.
Do you agree with him?
A. YES
B. NO
IF Yes, Give me a THUMBS-UP👍!!
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The government has caused division between white and black people for generations.
"Dear White People, this is my sister she's got the same beliefs as me, Dear White People, can you be our friend?"
Do you firmly support this?
A. Huge Yes
B. No
IF Yes, Give me a THUMBS-UP👍!!
MAKE THIS GO VIRAL ON 𝕏. LET’S GO 👏
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Usually, I charge $87 for this killer guide, but today it's yours 100% FREE.
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You can easily earn $8500 monthly if you have ChatGPT, a laptop, and an hour/day.
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🚨BREAKING: Elon Musk has been nominated for a Nobel Peace Prize for protecting Free Speech
THIS IS MASSIVE 🔥
Simple poll. Please be honest! As of today, how much do you still trust this man?
A. 100%
B. 75%
C. 50%
D. 25%
E. 0%
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The most persistent climate scare story over the last two years has been this hypothesis that a vital North Atlantic Ocean current, the Atlantic Multidecadal Overturning Circulation (AMOC), will collapse by the end of the century, if not sooner.
The implication of this would be that Europe get sent into the icebox as surface air temperatures drop by at least 1°C per decade, eventually stabilizing at 5-15°C below current averages (Westen et al., 2024). This will then trigger Arctic sea ice expansion, probably causing the rest of the Northern Hemisphere to cool as well, albeit to what extent is uncertain.
🔗science.org/doi/10.1126/sc…
From a climate pant soiler's point of view, I don't really see why this would inherently be a bad thing considering that they, most of whom live in western Europe (especially the United Kingdom), think that the planet is too hot and that the climate during the Little Ice Age was more ideal for human civilization. But, who am I kidding, they're never consistent.
Now, for the laypeople out there, what exactly is the AMOC?
Well, ocean water is always being circulated around the globe by ocean 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠. And, there are three main types of ocean currents.
1⃣ 𝑇𝑖𝑑𝑎𝑙 – driven by the gravitational effects between the Earth, moon and sun
2⃣ 𝑆𝑢𝑟𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑒 – driven by wind speed and direction
3⃣ 𝐷𝑒𝑒𝑝 𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟 – currents that extend from the ocean surface to the sea floor; they are driven by density gradients resulting from changes in salinity and water temperature.
The last one is critical to understanding the AMOC.
🌡️ Cold water is denser than comparatively warmer water, so it sinks.
🧂 Saltwater is denser than freshwater, so it sinks as well.
These large and slow-moving deep ocean currents are what oceanographers call the 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑜ℎ𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛. 🔁
One of these conveyor belts is in the Atlantic Ocean, and it is called the “Atlantic Multidecadal Overturning Circulation” (AMOC). This current is responsible for transporting warm, tropical water poleward and vice versa. Warm water in the tropics is carried north by the Gulf Stream, a surface-based current. As the water flows poleward, it cools and some of it will eventually freeze, forming sea ice. 🧊
When water freezes, it leaves the salt behind in the cold (but not frozen) liquid water, which makes the water denser, causing it to sink and be carried back to the equator where it eventually becomes warm enough once again to rise to the surface, and then the process repeats itself.
🔗agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.10…
However, this process is extremely slow! 🐢
1 m³ of water is estimated to take over 1,000 years just to complete the cycle. 🕑
Although the process itself is slow, there have been a few papers published that suggest the AMOC is weakening due to high freshwater melt flux off of the Greenland ice sheet. Caesar et al. (2018), for example, found that AMOC speed has declined by 15% since 1950. The follow-up paper, Caesar et al. (2021), found that it the AMOC is 20% weaker now than it was during the mid-20th century.
🔗nature.com/articles/s4158…
🔗nature.com/articles/s4156…
Weakening has also been suggested in other recent papers such as aforementioned Westen et al. (2024) and the paper of interest here, Ren et al. (2025), which was just published in the journal Nature Communications Earth & Environment.
🔗nature.com/articles/s4324…
These studies contend that the AMOC is nearing a “tipping point” due to Greenland ice sheet-induced freshwater melt flux. If it isn't stopped, some scientists suggest it could raise sea levels significantly along the east coast of the U.S. while causing Europe to cool rapidly, as mentioned earlier.
However, there is significant disagreement about this because AMOC strength is not directly measured, and different proxies are used to estimate its strength (e.g. subpolar North Atlantic sea surface temperatures, air-sea heat flux, etc.). Several other recent studies found that the AMOC has actually been remarkably stable, or at the very least, 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 (e.g., Fu et al., 2020; Parker & Ollier (2021); Worthington et al., 2021; Latif et al., 2022; and Terhaar et al., 2025).
🔗reference-global.com/article/10.247…
🔗os.copernicus.org/articles/17/28…
🔗nature.com/articles/s4155…
A couple of these are interesting:
In Fu et al. (2020), the authors assembled a multi-decadal observational data set drawing on repeated hydrographic section measurements in both the subtropical and subpolar North Atlantic spanning from the early 1990s through the 2010s. Contrary to climate model projections, the study found no robust decline in observed AMOC transport in the Atlantic over the last three decades. The transport estimates in the most recent decade are “not distinctly different” from those in the early 1990s.
🔗science.org/doi/10.1126/sc…
And, in Terhaar et al. (2025), the authors used air-sea heat flux in the North Atlantic from 26.5-50°N as an AMOC strength proxy. They found no AMOC weakening over a longer period, specifically between 1963 and 2017.
🔗nature.com/articles/s4146…
In many of the modeling studies, scientists can only get the AMOC to collapse (i.e., shut down) by imposing a strong and unrealistic freshwater forcing in their models and running it for several centuries. Westen et al. (2024), for instance, put in a freshwater forcing from Greenland ice sheet melt that translated to a sea level rise (SLR) rate of 6 cm / year, which is greater than the rate caused by the collapse of the ice sheet covering North America at the end of the last glacial maximum.
In fact, under that forcing, the authors had to run the model 400 years before natural variability's dominance waned and then out to virtual year 1,750 to get the AMOC to shut down. This is unrealistic, even under the IPCC's worst-case, high-emission SSP5-8.5 / RCP8.5 scenario.
While the AMOC has never completely shut down (to our knowledge) in historical records, it has slowed down in the past naturally (that had nothing to do with us) and that too can have similar, albeit less severe downstream impacts. In any case, based on all of the weight of evidence here, I fail to be convinced that this is something seriously worrying about.
Future projections on AMOC strength are speculation based on modeling and questionable assumptions; they're far from scientific fact.
Massimo@Rainmaker1973
The Gulf Stream could collapse as early as 2060. A new study from Utrecht University reveals that the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC)—the engine behind the Gulf Stream—is weakening far more rapidly than earlier projections suggested. This vast ocean conveyor carries warm tropical water northward to Europe and sends cold water back south, moderating Northern Europe’s climate, sustaining global rainfall patterns, and stabilizing weather systems worldwide. If the AMOC collapses, that equilibrium would shatter. Researchers calculated that even under a moderate emissions pathway—limiting warming to 1.5 °C (2.7 °F) above current levels—there is a 37 % chance of AMOC failure by 2100. In high-emissions scenarios, the risk climbs to 70 %. Even the most optimistic models give a 25 % probability of collapse. A shutdown would bring severe winters to Europe, widespread droughts, and devastating agricultural losses. Global precipitation belts would shift, and sea levels along the U.S. East Coast could surge by up to a meter or more. In essence, the AMOC is a planetary tipping point—and we are nearer to triggering it than previously estimated. European climate officials now label the threat a “national security priority,” yet coordinated global action remains inadequate. The last major AMOC slowdown, 12,000 years ago, sparked abrupt regional climate swings. This time, with human societies far more interconnected, adaptation may not keep pace. How do we confront a danger that builds over decades yet could irreversibly transform the world?
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However, here is the exact same solar data compared to the total Chinese primary energy consumption.
Not only is solar not displacing fossil energy, it isn't even keeping up with the increase in demand.
A sense of proportion … don't leave home without it.
w.
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A TALE OF TWO GRAPHS
I've been discussing the monster Chinese solar farms and how much energy they generate. Here's a graph of the increase in Chinese solar energy utilization.
Pretty impressive, huh?
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Stephen Miller, a senior Trump Advisor, is trying to exclude illegal aliens from the U.S. census, which removes House seats from Blue states like California, New York etc.
Do you support excluding illegals from the U.S. census?
1. Hell Yes 🎯🎯
2. No
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Please take a moment and show some public support for our Director of National Intelligence @TulsiGabbard who is fighting against the darkness of the deep state.
It is truly a battle between good & evil, darkness & light.
I stand with Tulsi.
Let your voice be heard here👇🏼🇺🇸
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Man immigrated from Mexico the legal way
For 3 years he’s been going through the hard and expensive process to become a US Citizen
Wife and daughter update her husband on his immigration approval “A moment we’ve waited for 3 years”
He breaks down crying. THIS is the right way
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@Barbara_Eden Barbara, you are my favorite Jeanie! Wishing you love and all good things!
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Sending my love and wishing all my fellow American friends and fans, both stateside and abroad a very Happy Independence Day today!
As we enjoy gatherings today with families, friends and neighbors for food, drinks and fireworks, let us not forget the sacrifices of our Founding Fathers and the revolutionary troops that made this day -and our nation- possible.
We should never forget that what we have as Americans is not given nor provided for us by anything other than our fighting spirit and by the Grace of God. Had we not won that terrible war, I firmly believe things would be terribly different to this day.
We celebrate 249 years of Independence today!
For that among so many other things I am very grateful.
May God bless all of you and may God continue to bless these wonderful United States of America!
Happy Independence Day! -Barbara
#4thofJulyy #independenceday #usa #holiday
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Still can’t get over this footage. Imagine how intense it would be to stand this close.
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