Davison 🧠👈
56.1K posts

Davison 🧠👈
@DavisonVideo
Model, pundit and producer of online video; #Medicine and #Longevity boo. Funny but annoyed. https://t.co/sILNsWCUKH https://t.co/TvfI1F8YX1

If ketones were the “preferred fuel of the brain” then a mixed diet with any proportion of macros would maximize ketone delivery to the brain. The fact that you need to restrict carb to get ketones appreciably into the brain shows that the brain runs primarily on carbs whenever they are available and therefore prefers carbs. The facts that ketones are as effective as drugs at increasing GABA (we know this because properly executed ketogenic diets are as antiepileptic as drugs), that abnormally high concentrations act as highly effective anesthetics through direct actions on glycine and GABA receptors, and that they extend the efficiency of ATP utilization are all consistent with being in energy conservation mode. Ketones are a normal part of normal metabolism. Even on a mixed carbohydrate-inclusive diet you tend to make about 140 Cal worth of ketones per night. They elevate after an overnight fast, in a newborn infant, and in late pregnancy. But the normal, natural state of ketones rising to become the major fuel of the body is fasting. It is not clear whether our ancestors had much experience with ketogenic diets. Surely they had experience with fasting during famines or during intentional rituals. Surely they had variation in carbohydrate availability. But in extant hunter gatherers, plant foods increase according to their availability. At the equator, maximal choice is present and foods are about half plant half animal. In the far North, you have genetic adaptations that suppress ketogenesis despite having minimal plant availability. In groups like the Maasai, the widely popularized “milk and meat” diet was only for male teens during a highly regulated ritualized life stage where they traditionally also went on marches for wild honey and never ate meat without copious use of antimicrobial teas. But the actual broader diet has always involved extensive trade with neighboring tribes to include starches. Even milk provides plenty of carbohydrate. So their diet was probably usually not ketogenic, but maybe mildly ketogenic for male teens. The overwhelming difference with ketones is that they increase GABA signaling and extend ATP efficiency. The first lowers energy expenditure and the second conserves energy by making it used more efficiently. The first is like driving less and the second is like getting better gas mileage. These are the two features you expect during weight loss! This is highly consistent with ketones being primarily a signal of the extended fasting state. The invention of the ketogenic diet to treat epilepsy in 1921 was an ingenuous biohack that allowed this “slow down the nervous system” signaling to be complemented by a high calorie intake, signaling robust energy availability and thereby countering energy conservation and bringing up not only long-term sustainability but also the feeling of well being that comes with being well nourished.



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