C̷̖͊̉̉h̵͈̔ṵ̵̱͋̐n̶̲̺͂̿k̴͖͍͇͋̈́̈́

Layne’s great, but in this case, he either didn’t read the full text or leaned too heavily on arbitrary thresholds of statistical significance. As the screenshots show, the confidence intervals for hydration and elasticity in high-quality and independently funded studies are compatible with a benefit from collagen supplementation, even if they didn’t reach p < 0.05. The results weren’t “statistically significant,” but that doesn’t mean they showed no effect. The numbers actually suggest there might be a benefit, and it's likely that the studies may not have had enough power or consistency to prove it with confidence. This is exactly why focusing only on p-values can be misleading, because it ignores whether the data are congruent with a true effect, which is what confidence intervals help us understand.