Savira Sharma
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No disrespect to other specialties, but Internal Medicine is objectively the most fascinating and comprehensive branch in existence. It is the de facto face of any hospital or medical college.
Beyond the obvious sub-specialties like Cardiology, Neurology, Pulmonology, Gastroenterology, Nephrology, Endocrinology, Oncology, and Rheumatology, the academic depth is staggering. We are expected to master Pharmacology, Biochemistry, Physiology, Microbiology, and Pathology at almost the same level as the MDs in those respective foundational branches.
In my experience, we have to know Anatomy, including every joint and muscle attachment, just as well as the surgical teams. While we do not perform the surgeries, we are expected to know the names of General Surgery and Orthopedic procedures along with their specific complications.
Then there is the high-pressure environment of ICU critical care and casualty emergency medicine. We are the ones managing the most unstable patients at the frontlines and making the most critical split-second decisions.
The list continues. We manage conditions typically handled by ENT and Ophthalmology. We are responsible for the complexities of pregnancy, including physiological changes, gestational diabetes, and seizures.
Even the university exams demand we act as specialists in Dermatology for conditions like Pemphigus or Psychiatry for Schizophrenia or Bipolar disorder.
We are even expected to interpret X-rays, CTs and MRIs just as well as a Radiologist in medical colleges
Finally, there is Pediatrics, where we must master the approach to malnutrition, short stature, and almost the entire spectrum of childhood illness.
Is there any other branch that is truly as vast as Internal Medicine? I do not think so.
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🧠 MCA vs ACA vs PCA — Localise the Stroke in 5 seconds!
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1️⃣ MCA — Middle Cerebral Artery
🔸 Contralateral Face & Arm weakness
🔸 Contralateral Face & Arm sensory loss
🔸 Aphasia → if dominant hemisphere
🔸 Gaze deviation TOWARD the lesion
🔸 Visual field: Contralateral Homonymous Hemianopia
🧩 Why? MCA supplies the lateral cortex — face, arm, and language areas
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2️⃣ ACA — Anterior Cerebral Artery
🔸 Contralateral LEG weakness (arm spared!)
🔸 Contralateral LEG sensory loss
🔸 Abulia / Apathy → behavioural changes
🔸 Urinary incontinence
🔸 Visual field: Contralateral Homonymous Hemianopia
🧩 Why? ACA supplies the medial frontal and parietal lobes — leg area and motivation circuits
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3️⃣ PCA — Posterior Cerebral Artery
🔸 Contralateral Visual Field Loss → often isolated
🔸 Visual Hallucinations → Charles Bonnet Syndrome
🔸 Visual Agnosia → impaired visual recognition
🔸 Visual field: Contralateral Homonymous Hemianopia with macular sparing
🧩 Why? PCA supplies the occipital lobe (vision) and inferior temporal lobe (visual memory)
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🧩 The 5-Second Localisation Rule
➊ Face + Arm weak + Aphasia → MCA
➋ Leg weak + Behavioural change → ACA
➌ Vision loss only + Hallucinations → PCA
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⚠️ The Exam Trap
🔹 All three can cause Contralateral Homonymous Hemianopia
🔹 ACA and MCA → full field defect
🔹 PCA → macular SPARING (occipital cortex has dual blood supply)
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📚 Master all neurology conditions in our high-yield neurology book:
🔗 mediconotes.com
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#StrokeSyndromes #Neurology #medicine #internalmedicine #usmle

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Savira Sharma retweetledi
Savira Sharma retweetledi
Savira Sharma retweetledi

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📈 ECG Cheat Sheet 🎯
Drop a ❤️ if you find this helpful! Feel free to share!
#ECG #EKG #Cardiology #MedStudent #NursingSchool
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Female patient, 45 years old, with burning pain on the right side 3 days ago, what’s the the diagnosis??
@dr_manish_ydv @Dr_Shiv_kumar_ @DrMedica_13 @drobiy12 @shakilED

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Savira Sharma retweetledi
Savira Sharma retweetledi
Savira Sharma retweetledi
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