

The non-English tax is real. Sutton's Bitter Lesson, translated across languages and normalized to OpenAI English token count: Hindi: OpenAI 1.37×, Anthropic 3.24× Arabic: OpenAI 1.31×, Anthropic 2.86× Chinese: OpenAI 1.15×, Anthropic 1.71× Claude’s tokenizer charges a much higher linguistic tax.
























