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Some further thoughts on the Federal Budget and the tax reform debate.
A lot of the outrage over Labor’s proposed CGT and trust changes ignores a basic question: why should people earning the same income pay vastly different tax depending on how they earn it?
Why should someone earning $100,000 through wages pay more tax than someone earning $100,000 through capital gains, trust distributions or investment structures?
For decades Australia’s tax system has heavily favoured speculative investment, especially existing housing. Since the Howard-era changes in 1999, investors in detached housing have often paid far less tax on gains than workers pay on wages. Negative gearing and the 50% CGT discount encouraged borrowing into existing property rather than productive investment or new housing supply.
The current reforms attempt to rebalance that system.
Critics claim this destroys aspiration or punishes young Australians, but the actual data tells a different story. Only a small percentage of under-35s report capital gains or own negatively geared investment properties. Meanwhile the biggest beneficiaries of current concessions are overwhelmingly high-income earners and wealthy asset holders.
The claim that government is becoming a “47% shareholder” in businesses is also nonsense. CGT only applies to profits on sale, not the total value of a business, and only at the top marginal rates after inflation adjustments.
The trust reforms raise the same fairness question. Why should people able to split income through trusts pay less tax than ordinary wage earners who cannot? Trusts have legitimate business and asset-protection purposes, but tax minimisation should not be the primary one.
Even economist Saul Eslake — who spent decades as chief economist for ANZ and Bank of America Merrill Lynch argues the reforms increase equity overall, while still allowing concessions for genuinely productive investment like new housing and startups.
The debate ultimately comes down to whether Australia’s tax system should keep rewarding speculative wealth accumulation more generously than ordinary work.
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