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Know about the Leiden (Aanaimangalam) copperplates retrieved by India from Netherlands after many centuries: > The first copper plate to be discovered on Cholas > Excavated by Dutch East Indies Company (VOC) during the construction of Fort Vijf Sinnen around 1700 > Brought to the Netherlands in 1712 by a pastor, whose descendants donated it to Leiden University in 1862 > Deciphered in 1886 by Pandit Natesa Sastri and Burgess > Issued by GOAT king Rajaraja the first > 21 copper plates held together by a bronze ring with the regal seal > First 5 plates are in Sanskrit, rest 16 are in Tamil > Weighs 30kg, and are numbered from plates 2-21 > Mentions the lineage of Cholas starting from Vishnu till Surya, Ikshavaku and then Manu, the king who gave justice to a bereaved cow > Mentions about Devasura Manthan with Shiva becoming Neelakanta, and the Amrita being distributed to Devas by a Chola king >Records the historic grant given by Rajaraja to ruler of Sri Vijaya (Indonesia) for constructing a Chulamanivarma Vihara in Aanaimangalam of Nagapattinam district > Boundaries of the Vihara were determined by the ceremonial circumambulation of a female elephant >Sanskrit plates were written by Kottaiyur's Ananta Narayanan of Vashishta gotra > Documents in detail the 41 officials who executed the edict, the artisans who wrote out the words and the sculptors who rendered the inscription > Poetically states that only Veda Vyasa can truly capture the fully glory of Cholas, but the author is trying his best > States "As long as the crescent adorned Shiva resides on Kailasha and Vishnu does Yoga Nithirai on Paarkadal, and the earthly lamps Sun and Moon drive darkness away, may the Chola clan protect this Earth" > In the summer of 2023, the Indian government submitted a request to Leiden University to return the Chola Plates > The Leiden/Aanaimangalam Chola Plates will now go to the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) in New Delhi

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Flash: Netherlands will hand over the 11th-century Anaimangalam Chola Copper Plates to India during PM Modi’s visit. The 21-plate set records Rajaraja I’s grant to a Buddhist vihara at Nagapattinam & has been at Leiden University for over 300 years.