sudharshan
6.1K posts
An astonishing aspect out of infra-bros barking & howling over the BBC Metro article was how a 402 km long London Underground daily caters to 4 million+ passengers trips across Greater London with a population of 9.1 millon. Thats Per capita daily trip rate of 44% by Metro Rail🤯…and ~28% daily travel mode share.
BBC News (World)@BBCWorld
India has splurged billions on metro trains. But where are the commuters? bbc.in/4mIaUcL
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@jasveer10 Definitely not ethical. Sharing a WhatsApp chat is not ethical either even if the name is masked.
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IIT grad, top consulting background, applying to Ivy League
Not working for a year. “Can you just give me an offer letter?” The entitlement is insane 🤦♂️
Impressive resume, embarrassing mindset. Degrees don’t fix character
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@thevirdas This story reminds me of Hardik Pandya's struggle per wiki. He had to travel by second hand car for practice.
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@essel1 Sure. Megasthenes called his work Punjabica and not Indica.
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Wasn't India a name given by the invading Britishers of The East India Company ? Prior to that it was small pieces of many Different names like Rajputana , Maratha Empire, the State of Junagadh, The Mysore State, Hyderabad State etc
The Mughal Empire called it Hindustan not India
History won't change even if you don't know it
FrancescaMarino@francescam63
In case you are curious: the country always had a name, and that name was India..
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@Rustum_0 "Many people mistakenly claim that it was intended for all Indian Muslims. No! It is a lie"
So Indian Muslims fought for a homeland for punjabis ?
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Since this has surfaced, I want to present some historical facts that distinguish and unite Indo-Muslim and Pak-Muslim history.
Islam was established as a major political force in present-day Pakistan around 500 years earlier than in India by the Arabs. This period accounts for roughly 80% of the total duration of Islamicate paramountcy in India.
Political Islam in India arrived with Sultan Muhammad of Ghor, whose ancestors have been described as Hindus who embraced Islam (#reference: Al-Utbi, d. 1036).
Pakistan, for most of its Islamic history, remained a provincial-tier region rather than an imperial power base. However, for brief periods, it did host de facto capitals.
For example, the Ghaznavid capital was Ghazni, but as they declined, they shifted to Lahore (c. 1163–1186), which effectively served as their base, even though Ghazni remained the formal capital in records.
Similarly, Emperor Akbar’s official capital remained in Agra (Akbarabad subah), but his short shift to Lahore (1585–1598) for military campaigns granted it a status of acting capital.
India, on the other hand, remained the principal and global seat of Islamicate imperial power, extending from Afghanistan to Arakan at its peak. It established relatively continuous imperial sovereignty within 20yrs of the Ghurid conquests.
India hosted multiple major seats of Islamicate imperial power. The mother of them all was Delhi (Dihli/Dehli).
Rivaling Delhi were Gulbarga, Bidar, Ahmadabad, Ahmadnagar, Bijapur, Hyderabad, Pandua, Gauda (Lakhnauti), Lucknow, and others, each serving as independent imperial capitals for substantial periods.
The reason for the cultural and religious similarities between Indian and Pakistani Muslims lies in the fact that Indo-Muslim polities governed most of present-day Pakistan for long durations. Additionally, the spread of Gangetic–Deccani Urdu-based Islamic culture played a major role. While this process began during the British Raj, it was insignificant and the actual effective imposition have after Partition (1947) and establimenemt of Pakistan.
However, by around 1740, this control had weakened, and almost all of present-day Pakistan became subject to Iran and later the Kabul-based Durrani Empire and independent Sikh Khalsa Kingdom.
Under the British, whose capital was also in India, this region was again administratively unified with the rest of British India.
Note: the British did not reduce the status of India as an Empire. They retained the Mughal status [“Empire of Indoustan”] and their monarchs assumed the Emperor/Empress (eg: King-Emperor Edward), instead elevating their status.
The capital of British-Indian Empire too were in India (Calcutta and Delhi).
During the British Raj, Indian Muslims developed a Urdu based Muslim nationalism. There was a long socio-politcal process which eventually (as a desperate, hated and last measure) led to the creation of Pakistan as a sovereign state intended for Muslim-majority ethnicities in the northwestern part of British India.
Many people mistakenly claim that it was intended for all Indian Muslims. No! It is a lie. Such statements basically reflect the hopes and expectations held by some or many political leaders, which did not materialise (as the time has proven).
Official positions and statements clearly associated it with an ethnic state which happens to be a Muslim-majority region. Even East Bengal (later Bangladesh) was not originally intended as a part of it. It was simply incorporated for populist Muslim support.
The Blank Page Official@PageBlank
🚨 The World Bank has reclassified Pakistan from South Asia to its Middle East and North Africa region, effective from 1 July 2025.
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@UJJAVALSHAH2 @AmitShah Kurien himself has extensively written about tribhuvan das in his biography. He was almost 80 when Modi became chief minister. Do something useful in life before maligning people who have made immense contribution for the nation..
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His contribution can’t be denied but he systematically ejected other founders like Dalaya/Tribhuvan Kaka n hogged limelight. @AmitShah rightly gave Tribhuvan Bhai Patel his due after naming IRMA in his memory. How CM Modi got rid of Kurien n his legacy is masterclass in politics
Parimal@Fintech03
India calls him the Milkman, But Verghese Kurien was actually an engineer who broke a global monopoly using science. Verghese Kurien was a brilliant mechanical engineer who, together with his close collaborator H.M. Dalaya, used high-level thermal science & process engineering to defeat a global monopoly. In the 1950s, MNC giants like Nestlé told India it was impossible to make good-quality milk powder from buffalo milk which India had in abundance because it was too fatty & viscous. They wanted India to remain dependent on expensive imported cow-milk powder from the West. Kurien & his teammate H.M. Dalaya (a gifted dairy technologist) decided to prove the experts wrong. They applied the principles of centrifugal separation & spray drying at precisely controlled temp. to handle the high fat & solids content of buffalo milk. Western dairy experts were highly skeptical, warning that the powder would turn into a greasy brick of fat. Kurien & Dalaya worked through the night in a modest shed in Anand, Gujarat. When the 1st fine, white mist of high-quality buffalo milk powder sprayed out of the machine in 1955, they knew they had achieved a breakthrough that would challenge the Western milk powder monopoly in India. This engineering triumph led to the birth and rapid growth of Amul. It turned India from a milk-deficient country into the world's largest milk producer, empowering millions of small farmers through the cooperative model & laying the foundation for the White Revolution.
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@mysandz If he was running a mutual fund, investing his personal money in stocks would be significantly restricted. Wonder how this is possible unless he made like 100crs in salary and bonus in the 2000-2010 decade.
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The problem with such posts is that it makes people assume all of 2500 cr was made through investing, which is obviously not the case, as a fund manager his initial corpus was built through salary and bonuses for sure.
So the right advise should be to find a good job where you can save enough. Then think of investing.
Balu Gorade@BaluGorade
Meet Madhusudan Kela > He comes from Kurud, a small town in Chhattisgarh, with a Hindi medium background, and learned English only after class six. > He moved to Mumbai for his MBA, where a random call about stock market gains sparked his interest. > In 2001, he joined Reliance Mutual Fund and got the opportunity to manage money. > Between 2004 and 2010, he delivered around 32% CAGR in Reliance Growth Fund through strong conviction. > His approach is simple - focus on strong numbers, back good promoters, and think long term. > While others ignored, he spotted Divi's Laboratories (₹140 Cr mcap) and Radico Khaitan (₹100 Cr mcap) early. > For Divi's, he even took a flight just to meet the promoter and understand the business deeply. > Those bets turned into massive multi baggers over time. > Today, through MK Ventures, he focuses on long term wealth creation with a high-conviction, concentrated approach. > His public stock holdings include names like SG Finserve, Aptech, Simplex Infra and Windsor Machines. > His net worth is estimated to be ₹2,500+ crore, built over years of disciplined investing and patience. > As he says, "It's always a lonely journey, because when you are early, you are usually alone." > His journey shows that with the right education, curiosity, and patience, wealth can be built from almost nothing.
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@yatharthmann Are you sure. Land is limited if everyone wants to live at the same place. There are dying towns with population in the 100's in the south.
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"everyone can have a penthouse if they want"
Land is limited, sir.
Elon Musk@elonmusk
Actually, AI/Robotics will mean everyone can have a penthouse if they want. The output of goods & services will be several orders of magnitude higher than today’s economy. Read the Iain Banks Culture books for the best imagining of how it will be. That said, what is the future you want? Amazing abundance seems the best to me.
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@wil_da_beast630 The British has a fetish for documentation. The officals of the imperial government had made immense contribution to Indian history, local flora fauna and also the customs of castes and tribes. Most of this was done as a hobby.
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A question, before any discussion about sending this back: why is it the only one left?
Didn't the Indian empires have thousands of these, at one point?
📜Echoes of Empire📜@EchoesofEmpire_
The only surviving war elephant armour in the world from 17th century India displayed at the Royal Armouries Museum in Leeds, England
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@aphysicist Most developed countries already pay a pension/ social security. For starters humans will work for 4 days a week. The lifestyle difference between the rich and the poor will continue to dramatically reduce. Universal income is the ideal end state.
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can someone walk me through the step-by-step of how this actually happens
Andrew Yang🧢⬆️🇺🇸@AndrewYang
It’s clear that AI will wind up funding universal income. Let’s make that happen ASAP.
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@PostDisclosure Most great scientists and thinkers, before the industrial revolution, were unemployed and without purpose by this definition. Karl Marx was living on financial support from his friend.
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Being against UBI is totally fine.
But so many of the arguments people make against it insult my intelligence.
For example, the idea that if people aren't forced to work, they will lose all meaning.
Many people dislike their jobs so much that they would trade working just to survive for the possibilities downtime opens up. Since when do we find meaning in doing something we despise?
Has work for survival become our new idol?
What about spiritual work, reading and studying, teaching, family time, growing food, working out, enjoying hobbies, and so forth?
I'd flip this whole conversation—the fact that so many people think work is the primary source of meaning is a bigger problem than people having the option not to work.
And UBI wouldn’t make working impossible; it just means people could be much more selective about what kind of work they do.
That’s freedom and agency at its best.
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@dmuthuk It may not be all lies. The iranians may want to win the PR war, while accepting some difficult terms in the talks. But Trump's open victory claim is not helping. Ideally they would want a outcome similar to operation sindhoor where both India and Pakistan claimed victory.
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Whatever claim Trump made about Iran agreeing to US terms was called out as bluff immediately by Iran. Looks like all these happened only in Trump's imagination.
As a goodwill gesture, Iran opened the strait of Hormuz. Trump did not reciprocate it by removing the naval blockade. So, Iran closed the strait again.
Looks like Iran is not interested in second round of talks if Trump is going to bluff his way that Iran has accepted extreme terms of US.
I definitely believe talks would continue to happen and at some point agreement would materialise.
Iran is well prepared for negotiations and takes no time in calling out Trump's bluff. I don't remember when was the last time US President's lies were called out publicly then and there. US President's office and US administration integrity is now at all time low.
As I said, after ups and downs, the final agreement would mostly be in Iran's favour.
Israel would try to keep breaching the agreement. It wants Iran to be extinct. It's upto America to keep Israel under control.
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@jhaskinscabrera Some of the greatest advancement in maths and science in medival times were made by people who did not have full time job. They were either living off ancestral wealth or were paid by the landed gentry for 'thinking'.
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Humans thrive when they have purpose, not just money. If you think things are bad now, wait until even fewer people have purpose.
Elon Musk@elonmusk
Universal HIGH INCOME via checks issued by the Federal government is the best way to deal with unemployment caused by AI. AI/robotics will produce goods & services far in excess of the increase in the money supply, so there will not be inflation.
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@AIandDesign @HMardenborough Because you seem to have basic comprehension issues.
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@HMardenborough Love how everyone is 'explaining' the same shit to me. Thanks for being number 2345235
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With all due respect, Elon, if you and all other ultra rich people are just going to give up their position of privilege and wealth and let everyone have "high income" then why aren't you all handing people cash right now already while money still actually has life-changing meaning?
May as well, right?
Oh, wait...
Elon Musk@elonmusk
Universal HIGH INCOME via checks issued by the Federal government is the best way to deal with unemployment caused by AI. AI/robotics will produce goods & services far in excess of the increase in the money supply, so there will not be inflation.
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This “Universal High Income” idea is SO catastrophically bad that it makes me question EVERYTHING about Elon Musk…
This is unworkable, & would cause massive inflation, fundamentally destroying the incentive structure of our society (COVID Panic on steroids).
I’d like to believe Elon has fallen for this idiocy because he simply doesn’t understand normal humans and he craves free time.
Elon Musk@elonmusk
Universal HIGH INCOME via checks issued by the Federal government is the best way to deal with unemployment caused by AI. AI/robotics will produce goods & services far in excess of the increase in the money supply, so there will not be inflation.
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@Austen He probably has a IPO coming up. The young graduates will take on senior roles faster even if AI scales up as he claims.
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Honest question:
Why does he keep saying this?
TFTC@TFTC21
Anthropic CEO Dario Amodei: “50% of all tech jobs, entry-level lawyers, consultants, and finance professionals will be completely wiped out within 1–5 years.”
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@Pritam84395409 @BellamSwathi @RaizerSays Nobody cares about the degree of a 70 year old man. He is not exactly a surgeon or architect.
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@swati_gs What is the organization supposed to do if adults convert to another religion?
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Nine Hindu employees - eight women and a man - were converted to Islam to various degrees by their Muslim colleagues at Nashik TCS office
Some started wearing hijab, some doing namaz in office hours, the man even changed his name to Mohd Gulshan, some began preparing for nikah
And it was business as usual at the office until father of one of those women informed Nashik police about his daughter keeping roza
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@Rustum_0 The notion of hindustan as described by you was the one used by the imperial Mughal government. What happened after independence was the cementing of the Indian identity. Obviously the founding fathers didn't want a perennial civil war.
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Good question, thank you for asking. What is the ethnicity of the people of the Ganga-Yamuna belt?
It's Hindustani. Yes, you heard that right. This ethnic identity underwent a terrible nationalisation.
Not like Farsi (Persian), where all Iranians and some Central Asians uniformly adopted it by shunning their old identities; not like the French, where Gauls, Celts, and Franks all adopted it uniformly, amalgamating into one.
In this case, the Hindustani ethnic terminology, heritage, history, and languages were outsourced and distributed, but without any acknowledgement or standardised assimilation or integration from the other side.
A Punjabi Hindustani (=Urdu) speaker still remained a Punjabi; a Gujarati Hindu speaker still remained a Gujarati. As for Hindustani, it became a national term for “Indian.”
While this made things easier for other groups, it simply hurled the natives into a state of identity crisis, how do they define themselves now?
The only assimilation case that occurred was within the Indian Muslim community, between Hindustani and Deccan belt Muslims, who are basically twin sister ethnicities. The first Deccani Sultan was from North India, and from his court sprang the Deccan Sultanates. The Asaf Jahi house too was from the North.
This is not to score North Indian points over Deccanis; for that matter, Nawab Ali Bahadur and Malik Maqbul were both Deccanis who established themselves in ruling capacity in the North.
The Deccani writer, Farishta rightfully tried to show that the Deccan is a part of Hindustan using a legendary personified myth. This was to illustrate the closeness of Muslims of Hindustani and Deccani stock.
The ancient seat of imperialism from Eastern Afghanistan to Arakan had remained this region, which is also why this name was used in an imperialistic context.
For example, until the 1740s, Eastern Afghanistan was considered part of Hindustan. Punjab was too.
This is similar to how Rome was used for the Rome city, Italian peninsular (corr Roman heartland), and all regions under Roman Empire.
However, this association was imperialistic in nature. Hindustan proper remained this Ganga-Yamuna belt, Hindustani remained it's tongue and label for its inhabitants.
In 18th- and early 19th-century accounts, as the Mughal Imperium declined and there was no imperialistic bond, we see this distinction arising and entering literary works explicitly, with greater vigour and clarity.
When Yusufzai Pathans from Hindustan went to fight the Sikhs, the Khyberi Pashtuns distinguished and otherised them as “Hindustanis.”
There are also recorded Sikh dialogues in which they lament the “Hindustanis” (British EIC forces) who had occupied them. Not just that, 18th-century biographies of Nadir Shah explicitly distinguish between Punjab and Hindustan.
This distinction was used by the British as well. Even in military recruitments, they'd use the term Hindustani Hindu, Hindustani Muslim, Hindustani Rajput vs. Rajputana Rajput.
Tke for example, Maulana Azad, in his famous speech, made this point:
“You will be called ‘Hindustani’ whichever region you migrate to - be it Bengal, Punjab, Sindh, or Balochistan. Won't you be treated as an uninvited guest?”
This (kind of) nationalisation has already started occured under the British Ra, but after Partition, this was done with utter fanaticism. This identity was nationalised, and, as I said, it was a terrible nationalisation.
Ⓡⓐⓜⓐⓝ Ⓢⓘⓝⓖⓗ@singhafied
Panjabi is ethnically Panjabi Gujarati is ethnically Gujarati Bengali are ethnically Bengali Every ethnicity has its language, cuisine, folk culture-dances What’s ethnicity of Ganga Vadi, UP, Bihar ? What they call themselves, if they have any identity. Question is for both Hindi-Urdu speakers
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@VarierAravind Well the Krishna here does not seem to be of malayali heritage. That's a North Indian portrayal.
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Hinduism does NOT have a single standard code that requires people to portray deities in a particular way.
There are even temples in Kerala where chicken is offered as prasadam. It is up to Malayalis to decide how they portray deities, and I do NOT find it necessary for us to follow the way non-Malayalis portray them in their states.
Crypto !!@crypto_pinapple
സത്യത്തിൽ ഇതൊക്കെ ഒഴിവാക്കേണ്ടതാണ്. നിങ്ങളുടെ വിശ്വാസങ്ങൾ മാതിരി തന്നെ ഇമ്പോർട്ടന്റ് ആണ് മറ്റുള്ളവരുടെ വിശ്വാസവും. നമ്മളുടെ ചുറ്റുമുള്ള സാഹചര്യങ്ങൾ അറിഞ്ഞിട്ടുപോലും ഇതേ മാതിരി മണ്ടത്തരങ്ങൾ കാണിച്ചു കൂട്ടിയിട്ട് അയ്യോ ഞങ്ങളെ ടാർഗറ്റ് ചെയ്യുന്നതെന്ന് പറഞ്ഞു മോങ്ങിയിട്ട് കാര്യമില്ല.
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