Süleyman Çağan Efe

If your pile hasn’t reached this proportion don’t worry. Just keep reading. 😃

A Practical Guide to Interpret an RCT Underpowered ≠ Inconclusive ≠ Negative ≠ Neutral

Yes, it is a difficult mission.🙄 But I will try to show, through simulation, how the ORBITA-CTO results might turn out. 1/

Among patients with atrial fibrillation at high risk for stroke and bleeding, left atrial appendage closure was not noninferior to medical therapy in reducing the risk of stroke, embolism, major bleeding, or death at 3 years. Full CLOSURE-AF trial results: nejm.org/doi/full/10.10… Editorial: Left Atrial Appendage Closure — Another Overused Method in Cardiology? nejm.org/doi/full/10.10…

Classical statistics asks: “Given this data, how likely is my hypothesis?” Bayesian statistics flips this. It asks: “Given this data, how should I update my beliefs?” medium.com/p/bayesian-sta… #datascience #RStats #machinelearning #datascientist #statistics

#cardioX is more alive than ever. On the same day that @ihtanboga delivers two incredible articles on COBRRA and SELUTION DeNovo, and a masterclass no one interested in biostatistics and trial interpretation should miss, @ehj_ed publishes a debate I joined with @thiele_holger, @cvrints, and others on the significance of the RF-CL model for estimating pre-test probability of coronary artery disease. This article actually originated from the X discussion shown below, where @ihtanboga had also shared a valuable calculator, and I learned a lot from @cvrints as well. These coincidences close the circle. Long live the sparks between scientific literature and social media that keep the debate alive. academic.oup.com/eurheartj/adva…

1. We all ask this every single day: "Can this stent actually reach my target diameter?" This tool answers in seconds. 👇 🔗 tanboga.netlify.app/stent-app/

Key Discoveries & Contributions by Mariano Barbacid 1.Isolation of the first human oncogene (HRAS) — In 1982, Barbacid’s group was one of the three labs that isolated HRAS from a human bladder carcinoma, marking the first human oncogene identified and linked to cancer. 2.Identification of the first cancer-associated mutation — He helped identify a specific point mutation in HRAS that was responsible for its oncogenic (cancer-causing) properties. 3.Isolation of the TRK oncogene — In the early 1990s, Barbacid’s research isolated the TRK gene from colon carcinoma, which became a foundation for targeting nerve-growth-factor pathways and tumor-agnostic therapies. 4.Discovery of TRK family receptors for neurotrophins — His work led to recognizing TRK tyrosine kinase receptors as functional receptors for the NGF family of neurotrophic factors, important in both neuroscience and oncology. 5.Advancement in targeted cancer drug strategies — At Bristol-Myers-Squibb, he helped pioneer oncology drug discovery focusing on molecular targets in cancer. 6.Redefined role of CDKs in the cell cycle — His group showed that some cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) previously thought essential for cell division (e.g., CDK2) were actually dispensable for DNA replication, reshaping understanding of cell cycle regulation. 7.Leadership in cancer research institution building — Founded and directed the Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO) in Madrid, establishing it as a major global oncology research hub. 8.Recent therapeutic animal studies — His lab has pioneered combined target strategies (e.g., targeting KRAS, EGFR, STAT3, RAF1) in genetically engineered mouse models to regress pancreatic and lung tumors, advancing translational cancer therapy research.

🫀 First-in-human valve-in-valve TAVI in mechanical prostheses Bench-to-bedside study: disc dislodgement & retrieval followed by successful TAVI. Published in European Heart Journal. 👉 academic.oup.com/eurheartj/adva… @escardio @PCRonline @secardiologia @CNIC_CARDIO @sacyl @TCTMD

Accuracy of Smartwatches in the Detection of Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review and Diagnostic Meta-Analysis @ihtanboga @scaganefe @taylanakgun @drmcap_mc @drselimtopcu @AslanMir28 jacc.org/doi/10.1016/j.…

🏛️ A 200-Year Journey Through Coronary Disease and Myocardial Infarction 💥 From bloodletting to genomics — the story of humanity’s fight against the #1 killer. 📜 🔹 Origins (1700s–1900s): 🩺 Heberden (1772) → first clinical description of angina. 🧠 Pathologists later linked it to coronary “ossification” and thrombosis. ⚡ Herrick (1912) defined myocardial infarction (MI) and promoted rest as therapy. ❤️ ECG transformed diagnosis (1919). 📈 🔹 Epidemiology & Risk Factors (1940s–1960s): 🧩 Framingham Heart Study (1948) unveiled risk factors: hypertension, cholesterol, smoking 🚬. 🩸 NHLBI launched preventive programs 🫶. 💡 Realization: CAD and MI are preventable diseases, not fate! 🏥 🔹 Coronary Care Revolution (1960s): 📊 Hospital mortality for MI = 30% 😱 👨‍⚕️ Julian (1961) → created Coronary Care Units: ECG monitoring, CPR, early defibrillation ⚡ 💪 Result: In-hospital deaths halved. 🧰 🔹 Invasive & Interventional Era (1950s–1980s): 💉 Forssmann catheterized himself (1929) 😳 🎥 Sones developed coronary arteriography (1958). 🔧 Favaloro introduced CABG (1969). 🎈 Grüntzig pioneered angioplasty (1977) → foundation of PCI 💫 🧬 Cross-disciplinary teamwork reshaped cardiology forever. 💊 🔹 Modern Therapeutics (1970s–2000s): 🧫 GISSI & ISIS-2 ➡️ fibrinolysis + aspirin ↓ mortality. 🩻 PCI + stents revolutionized reperfusion 🚀 💊 ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, statins, aldosterone blockers ➡️ longevity ↑. ⚙️ ICDs, CRT, LVADs transformed heart failure care ❤️‍🔥 🧬 Gene therapy (SERCA2a) emerging 🧪 🧬 🔹 Biology of Atherosclerosis: 🧠 Atherosclerosis = chronic inflammatory disease 🧨 💣 Plaque rupture → thrombus → MI 🧪 Furchgott, Ignarro, Murad → nitric oxide as endothelial relaxant → Nobel 1998 🏅 🧬 Brown & Goldstein → LDL receptor pathway discovery → Statins revolution 🏆 🧫 🔹 Molecular & Genetic Era (2000s–present): 🧬 Genomics, pharmacogenomics, stem cells, molecular targeting 🧩 Genome-wide studies reveal new genes for CAD (lipid metabolism + inflammation). 🧬 Personalized medicine emerges: warfarin genotype dosing, clopidogrel resistance (CYP2C19). 🌱 Stem cell therapy & cardiac regeneration — still early but promising 🌟 🌍 🔹 Global Cardiovascular Health: CVD = #1 cause of death worldwide 🌎 Drivers: aging, smoking, sedentary lifestyle, poor diet 🍔 💡 Need: prevention, education, low-cost care, and global collaboration 🤝 💬 🔹 Take-Home Message: From 1812’s “strangling of the chest” to today’s molecular cardiology, our progress has been extraordinary — but the mission continues. 🫀 Prevention, innovation, and equity are our next frontiers. 🚀 📣 #Cardiology #NEJM #CAD #MyocardialInfarction #HistoryOfMedicine #CardiacImaging #Prevention #Atherosclerosis #Statins #PCI #InnovationInMedicine #HeartHealth #PrecisionCardiology

#TCT2025 in San Francisco; DIFOCCULT-3 trial just presented by @AslangerE . 6000 ACS patients,18 centers from #Turkiye. Very nice discussions. It is time to paradigm shift from STEMI/NSTEMI to OMI/NOMI myocardial infarction. Proud to be lead discussant of this session. #tsc #acs

Lifetime Benefits of Comprehensive Medical Therapy in Heart Failure with Mildly Reduced or Preserved Ejection Fraction nature.com/articles/s4159…

Leaflet durability remains a major challenge for transcatheter heart valves. Bench studies suggest balloon-expandable TAVI valves often show pinwheeling, linked to reduced durability. The DurAVR system (Anteris Technologies) uses a short-frame, biomimetic leaflet design to minimize pinwheeling and improve haemodynamics. eurointervention.pcronline.com/article/duravr…

We just published the Great debate: fire-and-forget beats personalized lipid-lowering treatment academic.oup.com/eurheartj/arti… @ProfKausikRay @EugeniaGianos @TKDsosyal @DrMarthaGulati @society_eas @MeralKayikcoglu

Creative Minds, Younger Brains: Engaging in music, dance, painting, or even (some) gaming is linked to delayed brain aging. Article: doi.org/10.1038/s41467…. 🧵1/5 Biophysical modeling, graph theory, and Neurosynth analyses reveal plasticity-driven efficiency in regions most vulnerable to aging. Out Today in @NatureComms, congrats @carlosmig_12 and colls! @CreativeAgeIntl @j_artshealthlab @CreativeBrainWk

Honored to see our work featured by #EHJPharmacotherapy in ESC 2025 simpub. Grateful to mentors @CMichaelGibson and James L. Januzzi for their support and guidance, and many thanks to co-authors @ihtanboga and @canyucelkarabay #ESC2025

ENVAD-HF, a prospective RCT in stable HM3 #LVAD recipients, shows angiotensin–neprilysin inhibition is safe and well-tolerated, paving the way for trials of #HF therapies in this population. jacc.org/doi/10.1016/j.… #JACCHF #ESCCongress #WCCardio @MajaCikes @scottdsolomon

Presented at #ESCCongress: In patients with an acute coronary syndrome, stopping aspirin early after PCI and using P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy was not noninferior to dual therapy with respect to risk of death or ischemic events but did reduce bleeding events. Full NEO-MINDSET trial: nej.md/3VeTJT8 @escardio